Industrial action

Industrial action is integral to the collective bargaining process. It can be initiated by employers (in the form of a lockout), or by workers through their union, usually in the form of a strike. Industrial action, or the threat of industrial action, is part of the leverage that one side exercises on the other in the negotiation to secure a deal. In this context, it is a mechanism for resolving disputes of interest.

Industrial action is also used to resolve disputes of rights.

It often represents the final stage of an industrial dispute between an employer and workers where other measures have failed in securing agreement to a collective trade dispute.

The Employment Rights Act 2025 (ERA 2025) introduced a host of changes to the law governing industrial action. The changes took effect on a phased basis, beginning from 18 December 2025 with most changes coming into force from 18 February 2026. For further information, see: Employment Rights Act 2025—tracker.

A strike is defined in section 246 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (TULR(C)A 1992) as any concerted

To view the latest version of this document and thousands of others like it, sign-in with LexisNexis or register for a free trial.

Powered by Lexis+®
Latest Employment News

Detailed list of Home Office’s Sponsor Guidance changes of 6 March 2026

Immigration analysis: On 6 March 2026, the Home Office issued new versions of each of the three principal Worker and Temporary Worker Sponsor Guidance documents, as well as of other Sponsor Guidance documents including Appendix D (on retaining documents) and the Sponsor a Skilled Worker guidance. We have set out below a detailed list of all of the substantive changes, as well as other wording changes which the Home Office appears to have made to focus sponsors’ minds on recent operational concerns, in light of the current significant increase in compliance checks and enforcement (eg around salary underpayment). One important change is the replacement of the ‘genuine vacancy’ concept with the newly defined term ‘eligible role’, now contained in a new standalone glossary document. The new four-limbed definition embeds skill, salary and route requirements, compliance with wider employment law, and proportionality to the sponsor’s business model into a continuing test that must be met throughout sponsorship. Other operational-related changes include around illegal working requirements, and reinforcing the importance of Certificate of Sponsorship details matching the work actually undertaken (or reporting permitted changes). The wording around the standard of proof for the enforcement threshold in some cases has also been amended to ‘reasonable suspicion’, presumably as an attempt to expand the Home Office’s discretion to refuse, suspend or revoke licences. Other suitability/compliance amendments relate to concerns about dishonesty, salary inflation or risks to the integrity of the sponsorship system. At the same time, the guidance emphasises that participation in the sponsorship scheme (now formally termed a ‘scheme’) is voluntary and that a licence is granted and held at the Home Office’s discretion. There is also an increased focus on worker welfare and compliance with wider UK law, including a new requirement to inform sponsored workers of their employment rights and retain evidence of having done so. It had been anticipated that further guidance would be included on when and how employers are permitted to ‘claw back’ some immigration costs in circumstances where a sponsored worker leaves their employment early, but there were no more changes made on this aspect in the new guidance.

View Employment by content type :

Popular documents