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About Information Law

Lexis®+ Information Law is an online practical guidance product for contentious and non-contentious lawyers dealing with Data Protection, Confidential Information, Privacy, Cybersecurity and Freedom of Information issues.

Data protection

Get a good background to data protection law and view practical guidance focused on data protection matters for commercial transactions. See also our UK GDPR compliant pro-party clauses for use in commercial agreements.

Confidential Information

Protect trade secrets and know-how using the law of confidentiality. Get information and a set of pro-party confidentiality agreements here.

Key information law developments

View a range of trackers to enable horizon scanning and monitoring of key developments. The trackers are maintained - making them useful for keeping up-to-date and for business development.

Lexis+® Information Law

It’s our online practical guidance product for contentious and non-contentious lawyers dealing with Data Protection, Confidential Information, Privacy, Cybersecurity and Freedom of Information issues.

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Associated legal terms

Consent mechanism

There must be a clear and affirmative action by the user. Deeming that consent has been provided, for example by a user continuing to use a website (regardless of whether they been warned of the presence of cookies), is not sufficient. Pre-ticked boxes, sliders that are set to ‘on’, or any equivalent mechanism that is intended to provide consent by default is not adequate.

Public authority and public body

Public authorities and public bodies often carry out activities involving personal data. The terms ‘public authority’ and ‘public body’ are used throughout the GDPR regimes, including within several of the definitions, but are not expressly defined. The EDPB considers that under the EU GDPR: • these notions are broad enough to include both public bodies in third countries and ‘international organisations’ (ie an organisation and its subordinate bodies governed by public international law, or any other body which is set up by, or on the basis of, an agreement between two or more countries) • with respect to public bodies in third countries, the notion is to be determined under domestic law • public bodies include government authorities at different levels (eg national, regional and local authorities) and also other bodies governed by public law (eg executive agencies, universities, hospitals and so on)

Tracking pixels

Tracking pixels (also known as single-pixel gifs, web beacons and web bugs) are small-graphics files incorporated into a website or an email. They display an image, usually the size of a single pixel, that is invisible to the user. When a user’s browser reads the code of the website it communicates with the operator’s server in order to display the image and, through this process, the operator is able to acquire information such as technical specifications of the device, operating systems and settings being used. It can also track a user’s activities during a session. Tracking pixels can be particularly useful for analysing direct marketing campaigns by email by providing data on how recipients opened an email. For the same reason, they can also be used by spammers to ascertain whether an email address is valid.
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