Businesses facing prosecution for recent or historic bribery and corruption offences need quick, accurate, and practical advice on investigations and self-reporting. Our content offers unique practical insight.
Investigations into workplace accidents can be lengthy and complex. Our content provides practical advice on health and safety and gross negligence manslaughter offences, investigations and prosecutions.
Private prosecutions are on the rise, as businesses see it as a way to secure justice in financial crime cases. Our bespoke suite supports anyone seeking to bring and challenge private prosecutions.
As the scope and volume of corporate criminal offences increase, keeping track of changes is a constant challenge. Our weekly highlights and trackers keep you up to date with all the latest developments.
The Care Quality Commission (CQC) has prosecuted Suzanne Kirkbride, registered manager of Hall Lane Resource Centre, for failing to provide safe care...
The Environment Agency (EA) and the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) have published annual heat maps identifying suspected...
The Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation (OFSI) has imposed a monetary penalty of £4,732,830.58 on Citibank, N.A., London Branch (CBNA London)...
The Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra), the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government and Natural England have...
The Public Office (Accountability) Bill has completed second reading in the House of Lords and will proceed to committee stage. The Bill would impose...
The arrival of the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) (or any other sector regulators) to conduct a dawn raid is likely to be an unwelcome...
As of 6 April 2025, the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 (DMCCA 2024) revoked and replaced the consumer protection regime under the...
This Practice Note explains the scope of the Sentencing Code which was created by the Sentencing Act 2020 (SA 2020) and which, since 1 December 2020,...
Tipping off and prejudicing an investigationThe value to the authorities of a suspicious activity report (SAR) would be undermined if the alleged...
This Practice Note provides a summary of the key legal developments that are expected to impact corporate crime lawyers in England and Wales during...
1Introduction1.1We run our business[es] with integrity. All of us must work together to ensure our business[es] remain[s] untainted by bribery and...
1Consider seeking external adviceGiven the complicated nature of most sanctions regimes; the potential for offences to have been committed across...
1Introduction1.1We run our business[es] with integrity. All of us must work together to ensure our business[es] remain[s] untainted by bribery and...
1Opening statement from senior management1.1[Name of organisation] is committed to preventing acts of modern slavery and human trafficking from...
[name] [District] [Borough] [City] CouncilABATEMENT NOTICEmade under section 80 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990To: [name] of [address]Take...
Common assault and batteryThe offences of common assault and batteryTechnically, the offences of assault and battery are separate summary offences. An...
AffrayAffray is an offence created by the Public Order Act 1986 (POA 1986). It can be tried in either the magistrates’ court or the Crown Court. The...
Self defenceSelf defenceSelf defence is an absolute defence based on the evidence which can apply in crimes committed by force. Section 76 of the...
Assault occasioning actual bodily harmThe offence of actual bodily harmThe offence of assault occasioning actual bodily harm (ABH) can be tried in...
Criminal act or omissionFor a person to be found guilty of a criminal offence it must be shown that they:•acted in a particular way, or•failed to act...
Strict liabilityStrict liability applies to offences for which the prosecution is not required to prove mens rea for one or more elements of the...
Recklessness in criminal casesThe subjective test for recklessnessCertain statutory and common law offences allow the prosecution to prove mens rea on...
Involuntary manslaughterInvoluntary manslaughter—introductionManslaughter can be classified as either voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary manslaughter...
Common law offence of false imprisonmentThe offence of false imprisonmentFalse imprisonment is a common law offence but it is more common as a civil...
Entrapment There is no defence of entrapment in English law but it is considered to be an abuse of the process of the court for state agents to lure a...
Causation and intervening acts in criminal casesCriminal offences are generally divided into two categories: •conduct crimes, and •result crimesA...
Causing fear or provocation of violenceThe offence of causing fear or provocation of violenceThe offence of causing fear or provocation of violence...
Wounding or causing grievous bodily harm with intentThe offence of causing grievous bodily harm with intentWounding or causing grievous bodily harm...
Burden and standard of proof in criminal proceedingsThere are two kinds of ‘burden’ in criminal proceedings:•the legal burden, and•the evidential...
Time limits for commencing criminal proceedingsFor information on how criminal prosecutions are commenced in England and Wales, see Practice Notes:...
Specific and basic intentIntention refers to the outcome sought by the defendant. Offences may be described as either ones of ‘basic intent’ or of...
Threats to killThis Practice Note covers the offence of threats to kill. It looks at what the prosecution must prove and explores each of the elements...
AutomatismDefinition of automatismAn act is done in a state of Automatism if it is done by the body without control by the mind, (eg it is a spasm or...
Evidence of prior conduct that suggests the defendant has a tendancy towards crimes of a similar nature to the instant case or to be untruthful.
To cheat or defraud is to act with deliberate dishonesty to the prejudice of another person's proprietary right.
Criminal procedure describes the rules and processes governing how criminal cases are investigated, prosecuted, tried and appealed, from first police contact through to sentencing and enforcement. It covers matters such as arrest, detention, charge, bail, disclosure, mode of trial, allocation, evidential rules, jury directions, pleas, trial management, sentencing procedure and appeal routes.
The term is descriptive rather than a single statutory definition, but is underpinned by legislation, court rules and case law in each jurisdiction.
In England and Wales, criminal procedure is primarily governed by the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984, the Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996, the Criminal Procedure Rules and Criminal Practice Directions.
In Scotland, it is largely set out in the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995, supplemented by Act of Adjournal and authority on “solemn” and “summary” procedure.
In Northern Ireland, key sources include the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 and Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) legislation.
In Ireland, criminal procedure is principally governed by the Criminal Justice Acts, the Courts (Supplemental Provisions) Act 1961 and associated rules of court.
Across all four jurisdictions, criminal procedure is closely linked to fair trial rights and the administration of justice.