The offences of common assault and batteryTechnically, the offences of assault and battery are separate summary offences. An assault is committed when...
The rules relating to the form of indictments and the procedure for their creation and adoption are contained in the following: •the Indictments Act...
The test for exclusion under PACE 1984, s 78An accused has no entitlement to have evidence excluded simply because it has been obtained unlawfully. To...
The power of the court to order the forfeiture of property under the PCC(S)A 2000The Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 is the principal...
A challenge to a decision of the lower courts can be brought in various ways, including by way of appeal, judicial review or an appeal by case stated....
Section 9 and Schedule 1 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE 1984) afford access to material that cannot be obtained by an application...
Taking a conveyance without authority offenceTaking a conveyance without authority is committed when a person:•takes a conveyance without the owner's...
The ‘handling’ offenceHandling stolen goods is an offence that is triable either way.The elements of the offence are:•dishonestly receiving the goods,...
Legal professional privilege (LPP) is recognised as a fundamental right by the courts in England and Wales. At its heart is an acknowledgement of the...
Jurisdictions coveredThe following jurisdictions are covered in this report:Argentina; Brazil; France; Germany; India; Japan; Netherlands; Portugal;...
This Practice Note looks at loss of privilege in civil litigation in the context of legal professional privilege (LPP) and in particular considers the...
This Practice Note considers legal professional privilege (LPP), which is made up of legal advice privilege and litigation privilege. It considers the...
BackgroundThe concept of privilege against self-incrimination, which is commonly referred to as one distinct protection, actually arises from a number...
Professional privilege—core principlesThe core aim of privilege is to protect the confidentiality of communications between clients and their lawyers....
Common interest privilege allows a client party (say, party A) voluntarily to disclose privileged material to a third party (party X). Common interest...
Joint or common interest privilege may arise where multiple parties have a right to assert privilege in the same documents. The circumstances of such...