To identify the circumstances in which a court may find an employer to be vicariously liable for a tort committed by an employee it is useful to trace...
Separate legislation covers the recovery of NHS charges. For guidance on requesting and challenging a certificate of NHS charges, see Practice Note:...
This Practice Note considers fundamental dishonesty both in the context of section 57 of the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 (CJCA 2015) and the...
IntroductionOver the past decade or so, motor insurers have adopted and developed a strategy for identifying and dealing with road accident personal...
Bespoke system of costs managementThe standard costs management scheme does not lend itself well to multi-party/multi-claim litigation either within...
Relevant CPR provisionsCPR PD 26 deals with case management and the preliminary stage of allocation and reallocation. At CPR PD 26, para 12.5 it deals...
Abbreviations used in this Practice Note:•LIP—Litigant in person•LP(CE)A 1975—Litigant in Person (Costs and Expenses) Act 1975 (as amended)•ordinary...
This Practice Note deals with provisions for the payment of costs orders. It considers the differences depending on whether the court order includes a...
CPR 46.5(4) sets out how the costs will be calculated and this is either by reference to:•proven financial loss, or•the amount for the time reasonably...
This Practice Note considers non-party costs orders (NPCO) against solicitors. Such orders may be made where a solicitor acts as a funder where there...
Rationale for the proportionality provisionsThe key rationale for the changes was set out in the Jackson Final Report as being: 'Access to justice is...
What is a wasted costs order?A wasted costs order is defined in CPR PD 46, para 5.1 as an order:•that a legal representative pay a sum in respect of...
Types of claimsThese types of claims fall into three categories. Category I Claims for the recovery of land, including a possession claim under CPR 55...
Brexit: The UK's departure from the EU on exit day, ie Friday 31 January 2020, has implications for practitioners considering security for costs. For...
Brexit impactAs of exit day (31 January 2020) the UK is no longer an EU Member State. However, in accordance with the Withdrawal Agreement, the UK has...
Fixed recoverable costs (FRC) prescribe an amount that can be claimed back from a paying party in litigation and have been implemented in an effort to...
What is discontinuance?Discontinuance is the means by which a claimant can bring all or part of the proceedings it has instigated to an end by serving...
This Practice Note sets out and explains the special provisions relating to VAT in CPR PD 44. These provisions apply to claims for VAT in respect of...
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