The British Franchise Association (BFA)This Practice Note examines the role and remit of the British Franchise Association (the BFA) in the franchise...
Incoterms® 2020 Rules—CPT Carriage paid toThis Practice Note comprises the guidance note to the CPT Carriage paid to Incoterm in the Incoterms® 2020...
BailmentThis Practice Note provides an introduction to bailment, which is a large and complex topic.This Practice Note provides a working definition...
Requirements of the company sealThis Practice Note provides practical guidance regarding the requirements of the company seal. Where a company has a...
Incoterms® 2020 Rules—DPU Delivered at Place UnloadedThis Practice Note comprises the guidance note to the DPU Delivered at Place Unloaded Incoterm in...
Limitation—tort claimsThis Practice Note addresses the issues arising out of the Limitation Act 1980 (LA 1980) in relation to tort claims. It looks at...
How do the English courts interpret the term ‘special damages’ in the context of a contractual limitation of liability provision? How is US-specific...
Should internal staffing costs be deemed indirect or direct losses?'Direct loss' and 'indirect loss''Indirect loss' is most frequently considered in...
Are indirect losses recoverable under an indemnity, where the indemnity is silent on the point?Indemnities are often used together with warranties and...
Joint, several, and joint and several liabilityContractWhere a contract is made by two or more parties it may contain a promise or obligation made by...
Wilful misconduct and deliberate default in commercial contractsThis Practice Note sets out guidance upon the meaning, use and importance of commonly...
Economic tort of unlawful interferenceAs set out in The economic torts—overview, the law makes provision to protect a person’s trade or business from...
Liability for independent contractorsRemaining liable for acts and omissions of contractorsCommercial entities often delegate obligations or services...
Limitation—latent damageBackgroundThe limitation period for an action founded on tort is six years from the date on which the cause of action accrued...
Can joint liability be implied into a contract?Meaning of joint, several and joint and several liabilityFor details on the meaning of the terms joint,...
Is it possible for parties in a business to business agreement to exclude, limit, or otherwise re-apportion liability as between themselves in respect...
Exclusion and limitation of liability—business-to-consumerThis Practice Note considers exclusion and limitation of liability in business-to-consumer...
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