Key practice note looking at the courts’ approach when deciding if a duty of care is owed by the defendant, including claims for novel situations, psychiatric injury, omissions and claims involving public authorities.
This content deals with the duty of care owed by road users to others in road traffic accidents, including car drivers or motorists, passengers, pedestrians, cyclists and the standard of care.
See what court to issue your claim in depending on the value of the claim and other factors. We look at the type of claims the specialist courts deal with and provide guidelines that need to be adhered to.
After the Jackson Review, the Legal Services Act 2011, and implementation of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, competition for work is intense. PI lawyers must know new and unfamiliar areas.
The Association of Personal Injury Lawyers (APIL) has announced a campaign calling for legislative change to equalise compensation treatment for all...
Dispute Resolution analysis: The minutes of the Civil Procedure Rule Committee (CPRC) meeting of 6 February 2026 (conducted in a hybrid format at The...
This week's edition of PI & Clinical Negligence weekly highlights brings you updates from the Civil Procedure Rule Committee on its forthcoming annual...
The Civil Procedure Rule Committee (CPRC) has published its annual report for 2024–25, detailing its rule-making activities during the period. The...
The Online Procedure Rule Committee (OPRC) has published a summary of responses to its consultation on the draft Online Procedure (Core Rules and...
This Practice Note should be considered in conjunction with Practice Notes: Amending a statement of case—introduction, Amending a statement of...
This Practice Note explains what a Part 36 offer must include, who the offer must be made to, the additional requirements for a defendant Part 36...
This Practice Note aims to distil the key case law and principles common to fitness to practice (FtP) proceedings before most FtP panels of healthcare...
This Practice Note considers early neutral evaluation (ENE), which is a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR).What is ENE?ENE is a form of ADR...
Current court feesThis Practice Note provides information on the key court fees payable for civil proceedings in the Court of Appeal, High Court and...
IN THE [INSERT COURT] COURTClaim No [claim number]BETWEEN:—[CLAIMANT’S NAME] Claimantand[DEFENDANT’S...
<section><section><p>Precedent R is a costs precedent. There is no formal requirement to use Precedent R but</p></section></section>
Filed on behalf of the claimantWitness Statement of [insert initial and surname of witness]Number of witness statement: [insert number of witness...
Filed on behalf of the claimantWitness Statement of [insert initial and surname of witness]Number of witness statement: [insert number of witness...
[IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE[BUSINESS AND PROPERTY COURTS [OF ENGLAND AND WALES OR IN [insert location]]][Specify division][Specify specialist...
False imprisonmentLiabilityFalse imprisonment consists of the complete deprivation of liberty without a lawful basis. Claims will in practice be made...
The employer’s duty of careThis Practice Note considers the scope of an employer’s common law duty to ensure the safety of their employees with...
Duty of care and breach in clinical negligence claimsThe duty of careA medical practitioner owes a duty of care to their patient. This duty is to take...
Pain, suffering and loss of amenityValuing the lossHow should an injury be measured in a sum of money? After all no formula can calculate the value of...
Contributory negligence in personal injury claimsContributory negligence is a partial defence which can lead to a discount in damages.Other defences...
Damages in fatal accident claimsElements of a fatal accident claimThere are two different elements to a fatal accident claim:•the Law Reform...
Psychiatric injury—establishing liabilityLiability for psychiatric injury is dependent in part on the nature of the injuries suffered and the manner...
Was the damage foreseeable?The concept of foreseeability and remoteness in negligence claimsEven if the claimant proves:•that the defendant acted...
Claims against the policeIntroductionThe police force is a pure public authority (ie performs only public functions). Therefore, claims can be brought...
Psychiatric injury—primary victimsDefining the primary victimA primary victim is a claimant who was directly involved as a participant in the incident...
Vicarious liability in the course of employment—the close connection testThis Practice Notes considers the circumstances in which the court will hold...
Misfeasance in public officeThe tort of misfeasanceMisfeasance in public office is a tort that is rarely invoked in personal injury claims. It is only...
Interest on general damages, special damages and judgment debtInterest on general damagesEntitlementA claimant is entitled to simple interest at a...
Claims against schoolsClaims against schools by pupils can arise in a number of ways, including pupils:•being injured due to condition of...
Qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS)NOTE: the Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2023, SI 2023/105, amended CPR 44.14 so that defendants can enforce...
Psychiatric injury—secondary victims—case trackerA secondary victim is someone who has suffered psychiatric injury not by being directly involved in...
Did the claimant consent to the risk of injury?The essence of a defence of volenti non fit injuria (‘to a willing person, no injury is done’) is that...
EU's involvment in international affairs and relationship with foreign countries and international organisations.
You can rely on legitimate interests as a lawful ground for processing where: ‘processing is necessary for the purposes of the legitimate interests pursued by the controller or by a third party, except where such interests are overridden by the interests or fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject which require protection of personal data, in particular where the data subject is a child.’
A hearing in criminal proceedings required when the defendant pleads guilty to an offence(s) but there is disagreement with the prosecution as to the material facts on which the defendant should be sentenced. This can occur when the accused pleads guilty on a specific basis that the prosecution does not accept.