Contract: clause bank

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This subtopic focuses on definitions in the context of drafting for contracts.

The definitions and interpretation clause of an agreement should include all of the individual defined terms that are included in an agreement and all of the provisions that are to apply to the general interpretation of an agreement and, if necessary, of certain phrases used with it. The defined terms and the interpretation provisions will normally be set out in two separate sub-clauses. The definitions and interpretation clause will usually be found at the beginning of an agreement and the terms will be

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X subject to Irish probe over user appeal rights under EU content-moderation law

MLex: The X social-media platform is under formal investigation by Ireland’s media regulator for suspected violations of the EU’s Digital Services Act (EU DSA), which guarantees users the right to appeal content moderation decisions. Coimisiún na Meán’s probe follows concerns from the regulator’s platform supervision team, supported by a submission from a human rights campaign group and a user complaint, that X may not properly inform users of appeal rights or provide an accessible internal complaints system.

Ryanair sees appeal against Italian antitrust chargesheet rejected

MLex: Italy’s Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale (TAR) has ruled that Ryanair’s bid to annul a confidential chargesheet in a national antitrust probe was inadmissible and it rejected a request to suspend the investigation. The judges said the airline’s objections—including claims of unlawful evidence sezied in an Irish raid, as well as a rushed investigation, could only be raised after a final decision. The chargesheet, sent by the Italian Competition Authority (Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)) in October 2025, stems from a 2023 abuse-of-dominance investigation into Ryanair’s restrictions on travel agents.

X asks Ninth Circuit to let it litigate media matters claim in ireland

Law360: X Corp urged the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Ninth Circuit) on 17 November 2025 to scrap an injunction blocking it from continuing to litigate its Irish-law defamation case against Media Matters in Ireland, arguing that the left-leaning regulator waited too long to invoke a California forum-selection clause in X Corp's terms of service.

Governments call for shared definition of harmful tax practices tax authority

Law360, London: Governments called on 12 November 2025 for a shared definition of harmful tax practices as they weighed which commitments to make on the topic within the UN tax convention.

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