EU electricity and gas market regulation

This subtopic contains the following content covering the regulation of the EU electricity and gas market:

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The following Practice Notes form a set of content covering the EU legislative framework governing the physical infrastructure for electricity generation, transport, and use in the EU (referred to as either the electricity network or grid) and EU wholesale and retail electricity markets:
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  EU electricity system—structure and legal framework—provides an introduction to the framework of EU legislation governing the physical infrastructure for electricity generation, transport, and use in the EU (referred to as the electricity network or grid) and EU wholesale and retail electricity markets. It covers the evolution of EU electricity system regulation, from the first liberalisation of European energy markets in the 1990s to the Fifth Energy Package, as adopted in 2024 to revise the Electricity Directive (Directive (EU) 2019/944) and Electricity Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2019/943) in line with the EU’s decarbonisation goals. This Practice Note also sets out the key actors in the EU electricity system, and outlines their primary roles and obligations, including detail on the cross-border role of

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