E-commerce

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This Overview guides practitioners to the key e‑commerce materials in the Commercial practice area, with links to core legislation, regulator guidance and practical resources. E‑commerce underpins business‑to‑consumer and business‑to‑business trading online, engaging consumer protection, contract formation, payments, data and advertising regimes.

Practitioners should master distance selling requirements, including pre‑contract information, delivery, cancellation and refunds under the Consumer Contracts (Information, Cancellation and Additional Charges) Regulations 2013, and fairness and remedies for goods, services and digital content under the Consumer Rights Act 2015. The Electronic Commerce (EC Directive) Regulations 2002 set information duties for online service providers and contain intermediary liability safeguards.

Marketing and pricing practices must comply with the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008, enforced by the Competition and Markets Authority and Trading Standards, and the CAP Code. Data and direct marketing rules derive from the UK GDPR, the Data Protection Act 2018 and the Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations 2003, with ICO guidance on cookies and consent.

Payments engage the Payment Services Regulations 2017, Strong Customer Authentication and FCA oversight. Cross‑border issues include choice of law under Rome I and jurisdiction post‑Brexit. The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers...

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