The European Banking Authority (EBA) has published a report under Article 21c(6) of the Capital Requirements Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), assessing whether third-country undertakings should be permitted to provide core banking services directly to EU financial sector entities (FSEs) without establishing a branch in the EU. The report, developed in consultation with the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA), draws on quantitative supervisory data and qualitative input from stakeholders. It concludes that there is currently no clear basis for extending this possibility beyond EU credit institutions. The EBA notes challenges in forming a comprehensive view of the impact of the prohibition, citing limited data, the absence of a harmonised definition of core banking services, and uncertainty around the application of existing exemptions. Article 21c CRD includes carve-outs for interbank and intragroup transactions, reverse solicitation, and MiFID-related services, and allows for contract grandfathering to support transition.