The Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA 1998) was introduced to give domestic effect to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), making the Convention rights enforceable in domestic law.
The ECHR is an international treaty reflecting the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948. The UK ratified the ECHR in 1951, but it only became binding in UK law with the introduction of HRA 1998.
The ECHR sets out the rights and freedoms which the parties are required to respect:
Article 2—right to life
Article 3—prohibition of torture
Article 4—prohibition of slavery and forced labour
Article 5—right to liberty and security
Article 6—right to a fair trial
Article 7—no punishment without law
Article 8—right to respect for private and family life
Article 9—freedom of thought, conscience and religion
Article 10—freedom of expression
Article 11—freedom of association
Article 12—right to marry
Article 14—prohibition from discrimination
Article 16—restriction on political activities of aliens
Article 17—prohibition of abuse of rights
Article 18—limitation on use of restrictions on rights
First Protocol: Article 1—protection of property
First
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