Duty to cooperate

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ARCHIVED: This Overview has been archived and is not maintained.

STOP PRESS: A revised version of the National Planning Policy Framework was published on 17 August 2026. This content is being reviewed in light of the revised version.

The duty to cooperate was revoked with effect from 25 March 2026 by the changes to plan-making introduced by the Levelling-up and Regeneration Act 2023 (LURA 2023). As the duty to cooperate no longer applies to plan-making, this Overview has been archived. It is not maintained and is available for background information only. For more information on the abolition of the duty to cooperate and what replaced it, see Practice Note: Plan-making in England under the Levelling-up and Regeneration Act 2023—principles and key steps—Abolition of duty to co-operate.

What is the duty to cooperate?

The duty to cooperate was created by the Localism Act 2011. It places a legal duty on local planning authorities (LPAs), county councils in England and public bodies in England to engage constructively, actively and on an ongoing basis to maximise the effectiveness of local and marine plan preparation

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