Enforcement

This topic looks at the mechanisms by which the Secretary of State for the Home Department (SSHD) seeks to effect or facilitate a person's removal, deportation or departure from the UK.

Administrative removal

Administrative removal will (except in some limited historical circumstances) be relevant where deportation does not apply and:

  1. the person requires leave to enter or remain in the UK but does not have it, or

  2. the person is a family member of the above

If a person is subject to administrative removal procedures they will face a mandatory re-entry ban of between one and ten years, depending on the particular circumstances. For more information see Practice Note: Grounds for refusal and cancellation of permission—Previous breaches of immigration law—entry clearance and permission to enter—mandatory bans.

Practice Note: Administrative removal provides an overview of who is liable for administrative removal, how liability is notified, timeframes for removal and options for challenging removal decisions. It covers what factors must be taken into account when making a decision to remove a person and the additional procedural safeguards that apply when the SSHD is considering removing children from the

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Latest Immigration News

Home Office clarifies guidance on ETA rules for dual citizens

On 29 May 2025 the Home Office published guidance covering how the Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) scheme will apply for persons who are dual citizens of the UK/Ireland and countries whose nationals require an ETA to visit the UK (if they do not otherwise hold a UK visa). The guidance notes that such persons are not eligible for an ETA. Instead, these individuals must prove their right to travel to the UK by presenting a valid British or Irish passport, or another valid passport that contains a certificate of entitlement to the right of abode. However, it goes on to state that ‘currently’, British dual citizens who do not have a valid British passport but hold a valid passport from ETA-required countries will continue to be allowed to enter the UK on their non-British passport without an ETA.  In an email to stakeholders dated 30 June 2025, the Home Office has confirmed that this is a ‘temporary measure’ during the current ‘transition period’. This means that ‘prior to full enforcement’ of the ETA scheme, it does not expect carriers to deny boarding to dual British or Irish citizens who are travelling only on their non-British/Irish document or without a certificate of entitlement. However, such persons will need to ensure that they make the necessary arrangements prior to the end of this transition period. Presumably this refers to the point that the Home Office brings into force section 76 of the Nationality and Borders Act 2022, which extends carriers liability penalties where a person does not have an ETA but requires one.

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