Sanctions

This subtopic contains the following guidance on sanctions:

Practice Notes

  1. International sanctions—an introduction provides an introduction to the international sanctions regimes. It explains what sanctions are, the difference between financial sanctions and trade sanctions and the different legal frameworks for imposing international sanctions including UN sanctions, UK domestic sanctions and EU sanctions. This Practice Note explains the UK’s power to freeze the assets under SAMLA 2018 and how penalties for breach of sanctions are imposed in the UK. This Practice Note also explains how sanctions are enforced and the key elements of sanctions, ie asset freezes, arms embargo and other export restrictions and licences

  2. International official financial sanctions lists contains a table of international financial sanctions lists with links to the various lists and the regulatory bodies responsible for them, as far as possible

  3. Designation of sanctions targets under the UN sanctions, UK sanctions and EU sanctions regimes explains the process of the designation of sanctions targets by the United Nations (UN) in the UK under the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act 2018 (SAMLA 2018), Counter Terrorism Act 2008 (CTA 2008) and

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Commission launches consultation to revise the EU Cybersecurity Act and strengthen the EU cybersecurity framework

The European Commission launched a call for evidence to support the preparation of a legislative proposal to revise the EU Cybersecurity Act. The initiative aims to strengthen EU cyber resilience, update the mandate of the EU Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) and improve the effectiveness of the European Cybersecurity Certification Framework. The Commission noted that the cybersecurity landscape has become significantly more complex and threat‑intensive since the Act’s adoption in 2019, while subsequent EU legislation has expanded ENISA’s tasks beyond its original mandate, creating the need to streamline, simplify and supplement the existing framework to ensure coherence, reduce administrative burdens and improve implementation for businesses and users. The initiative focuses on measures to support a secure and resilient Information and Communication Technology supply chain and the EU cybersecurity industrial base, addresses shortcomings in the certification framework such as slow adoption, unclear roles, limited agility and insufficient clarity on covered risks, including non‑technical factors, and considers alignment with newer instruments such as the Cyber Resilience Act. The Commission outlined policy options ranging from non‑legislative measures to targeted or comprehensive regulatory revision, stating that EU‑level action is required to prevent internal market fragmentation and to secure long‑term economic and social benefits through greater harmonisation, stronger cybersecurity and resilience, more efficient incident response and enhanced protection of fundamental rights, including personal data. The call for evidence will run until 20 June 2025.

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