CASE HUB ARCHIVED–this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the decision to close the investigation on 28 April 2017; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline, commentary and related cases. Case facts ARCHIVE 28/04/2017 Outline European Commission Article 101 TFEU investigation into a cartel in the market for automotive exhaust systems (AT.40170). Latest development On 28 April 2017, the Commission closed its

CASE HUB (appeals lodged at the General Court in Cases T- 140/26, T- 140/26 R, T- 148/26 and T- 149/26) ARCHIVED—this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the final decision of 15 December 2025; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline and commentary Case facts Outline European Commission (Commission) Article 101 TFEU investigation into an alleged cartel for the supply of automotive starter batteries in the EEA (Case AT.40545). Latest development On 15 December 2025, the Commission announced it had fined three automotive starter battery manufacturers, as well as the trade association, a total of €72m. The level of fine imposed on each undertaking was as follows:• Clarios—no fine (as a result of being awarded immunity) • FET—€6.11m, of which €5.366m is jointly and severally payable with Resonac (the fine includes a 50% reduction for leniency) • Elettra (FET's predecessor)—€15.594m • Rombat—€20.218m, of which €11.557m is jointly and severally payable with Metair (the fine includes a 30% reduction for leniency) • Exide—€30m • EUROBAT—€125,000 In

CASE HUB ARCHIVED–this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the decision of 10 July 2013; it is no longer maintained. Case facts Outline European Commission Article 101 TFEU investigation into five cartels in the market for wire harnesses for cars (case number COMP/39.748). Latest development On 10 July 2013, the Commission issued its infringement decision and imposed fines totalling €141m. Sumitomo was awarded immunity from fines after it revealed the existence of the cartels to the Commission, admitted wrongdoing and co-operated fully. All other defendants had their

This Practice Note considers the following data protection, privacy and security issues arising in connection with the use of autonomous and connected vehicle technology: • The technology • Declaration of Amsterdam • Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) • United Kingdom General Data Protection Regulation • Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations 2003 • Cybersecurity • The Product Security and Telecommunications Infrastructure Act 2022 • Connected and autonomous vehicles in the EU • International • Practical issues For more information about other key legal issues arising in connection with this technology in the UK, see Practice Notes: Autonomous vehicles—key legal issues and Autonomous vehicles and insurance, and for a summary of key dates and information, see: UK automated vehicles—tracker. To track developments in the EU, see Practice Notes: Automated vehicles—key legal issues in the EU and EU automated vehicles—tracker. The technology Modern vehicles already feature a range of external communications systems such as satellite navigation, in-car entertainment and emergency assistance capable of automatically reporting precise location information to emergency services. Over

This Practice Note considers the impact of Part 1 of the Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018 (AEVA 2018), and the recommendations made in the Law Commissions’ Automated Vehicles: joint report, on the UK’s motor insurance framework, looking at: • The existing motor insurance framework • The development of AEVA 2018 and the Law Commissions’ joint report • The level of automated vehicle that AEVA 2018 will apply to • The role of the associated legal actors • The current position on primary and secondary liability under AEVA 2018 • The scope of liability under AEVA 2018 • Limitation periods • Data retention and disclosure • Ongoing reform This Practice Note does not cover AEVA 2018, Pt 2, which makes provision in relation to charging electric vehicles. For a summary of key dates and information relating to the development of autonomous vehicles regulation, see Practice Note: UK automated vehicles—tracker. See also: • Practice Note: Autonomous vehicles—key legal issues • Practice Note: Autonomous and connected vehicles—data protection, privacy and security • Precedent:

This Practice Note considers the key legal issues raised by the development and use of autonomous and connected vehicles in the UK (also known as self-driving vehicles, driverless cars or automated vehicles). It covers key terminology, the current state of technological developments and key issues such as insurance, product liability, negligence, and data protection. The majority of government and media attention in relation to driverless cars has been on private road vehicles, which is the focus of this Practice Note. However, the technology is applicable in a range of sectors and there is evidence that earlier benefits may be obtained from the development of automated vehicle technology in areas such as shipping and agriculture. For a summary of key dates and information relating to the development of automated vehicles in Great Britain (GB), see Practice Note: UK automated vehicles—tracker. See also: • Practice Note: Autonomous vehicles and insurance • Practice Note: Autonomous and connected vehicles—data protection, privacy and security This Practice Note focuses on the key legal issues as they apply in the UK. For

Autopsy rights describes, in practice, the powers and entitlements surrounding a post‑mortem examination (autopsy) after a death: who may require it, who must or may consent, the ability to object, and rights to information and reports. It is a descriptive term used across coronial and health law rather than a defined term of art.In England and Wales and Northern Ireland, coroners may order a post‑mortem without consent where their statutory duty to investigate applies (for example, violent or unnatural death, cause unknown, or death in custody). Families cannot veto a necessary coronial post‑mortem but may make representations (including religious objections) and request non‑invasive CT/MRI alternatives; proportionality and practicality must be considered. “Interested persons” may obtain the post‑mortem report, subject to legal restrictions, to inform any inquest.In Scotland, the procurator fiscal may instruct a post‑mortem without consent in the public interest; nearest relatives are consulted where possible and may receive information and reports.In Ireland, coroners under the Coroners Acts may direct a post‑mortem without consent; hospital (non‑coronial) autopsies require next‑of‑kin consent.Across the UK, consented hospital autopsies and any retention or use of tissue beyond coronial purposes are governed by human tissue legislation (Human Tissue Act 2004; Human Tissue (Scotland) Act 2006), giving qualifying relatives rights to authorise or refuse.

Tax analysis: The Autumn Budget will be delivered by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rishi Sunak on Wednesday, 27 October 2021. Our panel of tax experts provide their predictions on the measures that might be included.

In the Autumn Budget 2024, on 30 October 2024, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Rt Hon Rachel Reeves MP, confirmed, as widely expected, that employers’ National Insurance contributions (NICs) will increase and that the national living wage (NLW) and the National Minimum Wage (NMW) will increase from April 2025. Other key announcements of interest to employment lawyers included an increase to the Employment Allowance, anti-avoidance measures in the umbrella company market and clarification of the taxable status of statutory neonatal care pay.

Tax analysis: On 30 October 2024, HMRC published (i) a summary of responses to its consultation on implementing the Cryptoasset Reporting Framework (CARF) and amendments to the Common Reporting Standard (CRS) and (ii) draft regulations to effect the new reporting rules for a ten-week ‘technical’ consultation. Ali Kazimi, Managing Partner at WTS Hansuke, analyses the summary of responses and draft regulations.

Tax analysis: As announced at Autumn Budget 2024 on 30 October 2024, the government has commissioned an independent review of the loan charge. The review, announced on 23 January 2025, will ‘examine the barriers preventing those who are subject to the loan charge but have not already settled and paid their tax liabilities in full from reaching resolution with HMRC’ and will ‘recommend ways in which they can be encouraged to settle with HMRC’. Jackelyn West, senior associate at Macfarlanes LLP, considers the background to the review, its objectives and likely impact.

Private Client analysis: A summary of the key personal tax announcements made in the Chancellor’s Autumn Budget on 30 October 2024.