Law360: Small businesses behind the successful challenge to President Donald Trump's emergency tariffs asked the Federal Circuit on 24 February 2026 to immediately issue its mandate so the lower US Court of International Trade can consider how to order the government to issue refunds for importers that paid the unlawful duties.

Arbitration analysis: In a recent Federal Court judgment, Justice Stewart refused to make consent orders which sought declaratory relief. Justice Stewart stated that ‘the making of a declaration in terms of an award is not “enforcement” of the award and not an appropriate order to make…’. Justice Stewart resolved the issue of the declaratory order sought by deleting the struck out text in the orders proposed by the parties as follows: It is ordered and declared that the Respondent is required to sell its shares … to the Applicant…Justice Stewart considered that there would be no purpose in making orders in terms of a declaration given that the arbitrator had already made the declaration. He also removed the words ‘is required to’ as he considered that they ‘serve to detract from the force of the order for specific performance by introducing something in the nature of a declaration of rights’. Written by Erika Williams, independent arbitrator at Williams Arbitration.

Law360: Businesses and states that successfully challenged President Donald Trump's global tariff regime can proceed with their efforts to seek refunds, as the Federal Circuit expedited the release of its mandate in the case to the US Court of International Trade (CIT) on 2 March 2026.

A formal, legal partnership of two or more schools.

CASE HUB ARCHIVED—this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the judgment of 29 April 2015; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline, commentary and related cases. Case facts ARCHIVE Appeal subsequently lodged at the Court of Appeal Outline Appeal by the Federation of Independent Practitioner Organisations against the CMA’s final decision in the private healthcare market investigation (CAT case number 1230/6/12/14). The CAT issued its judgment on 29/04/2015. Parties The Federation of Independent Practitioner Organisations (FIPO). The FIPO represents the majority of medical organisations in the UK and thus their consultant members in private practice. Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) Markets Privately funded healthcare services in the UK, including both independent private hospitals and private patient units in NHS hospitals. The private healthcare market was the subject of a CMA market investigation, which resulted in the CMA identifying a number of competition concerns and resulted in the CMA ordering a number of remedies, including: • the divestment by HCA of either the London Bridge and Princess Grace hospitals

Law360: The federal government has appealed the US Court of International Trade's (CIT) order requiring refunds on all duties paid under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) after the US Supreme Court struck them down this year, according to filings in the Trade Court and Federal Circuit.

Law360: The federal government asked a DC federal judge to throw out a lawsuit brought by former US citizens who want their US$2,350 citizenship renunciation fee refunded, arguing during a hearing held on 28 August 2024 that the US is immune from the litigation and the plaintiffs can't relitigate claims that they already lost.

Law360: The US Department of Justice (DOJ) on 10 June 2025 released new and tightened guidelines for enforcement of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) after a four-month pause on such prosecutions, centreing prospective investigations on situations that affect US competitiveness and national security as well as transnational cartels.

The full rights of property enjoyed by a fiar.

Law firms might be caught by the consumer credit regime by entering into a consumer credit agreement as lender, eg in respect of their fees, or by engaging in ancillary consumer credit activities such as debt adjusting. This

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