This Practice Note is an introduction to the FIDIC Green Book 2021 (the Short Form of Contract). It is not a fully detailed clause-by-clause commentary. In December 2021, FIDIC launched the second edition of the Green Book. For more information on the background to the release of the second edition of the Green Book, and the key differences between the first and second editions, see News Analysis: FIDIC Green Book 2021—what’s changed? For information on other contracts in the FIDIC suite, see: • FIDIC contracts 2017 onwards—overview • FIDIC contracts pre-2017 editions—overview For what type of project is the Green Book suitable? The FIDIC Green Book is primarily intended ‘for projects where the perceived level of risk is low, and/or where construction parties wish to use a form which is simple to use and does not require significant contract administration and management resources’. Its use is not restricted to simple or repetitive works and/or short duration and/or limited capital value projects. The Green Book

This Practice Note provides an introduction to the FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Design, Build and Operate Projects 2008, commonly known as the Gold Book 2008. For what type of project is the Contract suitable? The FIDIC Gold Book 2008 is a design, build and operate contract (‘DBO’)—for general information on DBO contracts, see Practice Note: DBO contracts. It assumes a greenfield design-build-operate scenario with a 20-year operation and maintenance period. As written, it is not suitable for brownfield projects, ie the upgrading of an existing facility. The FIDIC DBO Contract Guide (1st edition, 2011—published by FIDIC) states that the FIDIC Gold Book might be suitable for: ‘infrastructure projects where the resulting facility will often produce an income or revenue for the Employer and where the Employer might not have the resources or experience to operate the facility himself and might otherwise consider engaging a service provider or operator.’ There is an assumption that the Contract will be awarded to a single contracting entity,

This Practice Note provides a brief introduction to the FIDIC Multilateral Development Bank (MDB) Harmonised form (commonly known as the Pink Book) 2010. It summarises key features of the Pink Book and notes some concepts that are dealt with differently in the Red Book 1999, on which it is based. For a more detailed comparison of the Red and Pink Books, see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—Red Book (1999 edition) and Pink Book compared. For a detailed introduction to the Red Book (1999 edition), see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Red Book 1999. In December 2017, FIDIC published new versions of the Red, Yellow and Silver Books. For information about the changes in the new versions, see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts 2017—what’s changed? [Archived] and for more about the Red Book 2017 edition, see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Red Book 2017. Genesis of the Pink Book The Pink Book was developed by FIDIC and eight MDBs. It takes the FIDIC Red Book 1999 as its starting point, and incorporates amendments

This Practice Note looks at the FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Construction 1999, commonly known as the FIDIC Red Book 1999. FIDIC published a new edition of the Red Book in December 2017—see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the FIDIC Red Book 2017 for guidance on the 2017 edition. In relation to the 1999 suite, see also Practice Notes: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Yellow Book 1999 and FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Silver Book 1999. For what type of project is the contract suitable? The FIDIC Red Book 1999 is recommended for building and engineering works where most (or all) of the works are to be designed by (or on behalf of) the Employer. The FIDIC Red Book 1999 is not suitable for use where the Contractor is carrying out most of the design—in this case, the FIDIC Yellow or Silver Book should be used instead. Like all the contracts in the FIDIC suite, the FIDIC Red Book 1999 is designed to be able to be used on international

This Practice Note looks at the FIDIC Conditions of Contract for EPC/Turnkey Projects 1999, commonly known as the FIDIC Silver Book 1999. FIDIC published a new edition of the Silver Book in December 2017 with amendments in 2022—see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the FIDIC Silver Book 2017, reprinted in 2022 with amendments for guidance on the 2017 edition. In relation to the 1999 suite, see also Practice Notes: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Red Book 1999, FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Yellow Book 1999 and FIDIC contracts (pre-2017 editions)—Yellow and Silver Books compared. For what type of project is the contract suitable? The FIDIC Silver Book 1999 is recommended for the provision of a process or power plant on a turnkey basis, and may also be used where 'one entity takes total responsibility for the design and execution of a privately financed infrastructure project' which involves little or no work underground. Under the usual arrangements for this type of contract, the Contractor carries out all the engineering, procurement

In December 2017, FIDIC launched the second editions of the Red, Yellow and Silver Books. Three years later, in December 2022, FIDIC launched reprints. The FIDIC Silver Book 2022 reprint is to be described as ‘The Conditions of Contract for EPC/Turnkey Projects Second Edition 2017, reprinted 2022 with amendments’. It is published with the same ISBN number. The amendments include: • the errata issued in December 2018 (see News Analysis: Errata to FIDIC 2017 contracts published) • the additional errata issued in June 2019, and • further errata and new amendments made in November 2022 (and said to be effective from 1 January 2023) which FIDIC describe as ‘improvements & clarifications in response to industry feedback + to support the increased use of 2017 contracts' There is no obligation to use the FIDIC 2022 reprints. The Parties are free to choose the original FIDIC 2017 books if they prefer. This Practice Note is an introduction to the FIDIC Silver Book 2017

This Practice Note looks at the FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Plant and Design Build 1999, commonly known as the FIDIC Yellow Book 1999. FIDIC published a new edition of the Yellow Book in December 2017—see Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the FIDIC Yellow Book 2017 for guidance on the 2017 edition. In relation to the 1999 suite, see also Practice Notes: FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Red Book 1999, FIDIC contracts—introduction to the Silver Book 1999 and FIDIC contracts (pre-2017 editions)—Yellow and Silver Books compared For what type of project is the contract suitable? The FIDIC Yellow Book 1999 is recommended for the provision of electrical and/or mechanical plant, and for building or engineering works designed by the Contractor. The FIDIC Yellow Book 1999 is not suitable for use where the Employer is carrying out the design—in this case, the FIDIC Red Book 1999 should be used instead. Like all the contracts in the FIDIC suite, the FIDIC Yellow Book 1999 is designed to be able to be used

In December 2017, FIDIC launched the second editions of the Red, Yellow and Silver Books. Three years later, in December 2022, FIDIC launched reprints. The FIDIC Yellow Book 2022 reprint is to be described as ‘The Conditions of Contract for Electrical & Mechanical Plant and for Building and for Engineering Works, Designed by the Contractor Second Edition 2017, reprinted 2022 with amendments.’ It is published with the same ISBN number. The amendments include: • the errata issued in December 2018 (see News Analysis: Errata to FIDIC 2017 contracts published) • the additional errata issued in June 2019, and • further errata and new amendments made in November 2022 (and said to be effective from 1 January 2023) which FIDIC describe as ‘improvements & clarifications in response to industry feedback and to support the increased use of 2017 contracts' There is no obligation to use the FIDIC 2022 reprints. The Parties are free to choose the original FIDIC 2017 books if they prefer. This

This document contains quick links to PDF copies of the key FIDIC standard form contracts, including the 2017 editions and 1999 editions of the Red Book, Yellow Book and Silver Book. A full list of the current FIDIC contracts is set out in Practice Note: FIDIC contracts—introduction. For links to further materials

FIDIC has published Issue 13 (December 2025) of the FIDIC Contract Users’ Newsletter on 19 December 2025, providing an update for the international construction and infrastructure contracts community following the Official FIDIC International Contract Users’ Conference held in London earlier in December. The issue includes key legal and contractual developments, including the launch of the FIDIC Carbon Management Guide, publication of a new practice note on dispute board decisions, and an update on FIDIC’s forthcoming Collaborative Contract Form, alongside analysis of the growing impact of AI on contracts, evolving roles of engineers on projects, and the announcement of the 2025 FIDIC Contract Users’ Awards.

The International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) has opened its 2025 Official International Contract Users Conference in London. CEO Susanna Zammataro emphasised FIDIC's role in providing certainty in construction projects amid global uncertainty. FIDIC president Alfredo Ingletti paid tribute to special advisor Dr Nael Bunni, who passed away last week after three decades of work on FIDIC contracts covering risk, liability, insurance, and dispute resolution. Conference sessions focused on the evolving role of engineers within FIDIC contracts, particularly their dual function as both employers' agents and neutral decision makers. Discussions also explored the human behavioural factors that influence project delivery.

The International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) has published reprints of a number of its key construction contracts and a new guide to their use, with the support of the FIDIC Contracts Committee and the FIDIC Board.