The European Commission (Commission) investigates evidence or allegations of anti-competitive behaviour by companies which has an impact in more than one EU Member State—for example, international price-fixing cartels and other forms of collusive conduct prohibited under Article 101(1) TFEU or circumstances where a company appears to abuse a dominant market position contrary to Article 102 TFEU. Note—criminal action against individuals is possible in some Member States, but not by the Commission. Investigations can start in one of four ways: • a party involved in any wrongdoing blowing the whistle, • a third party making a complaint, • the Commission receiving general market intelligence which suggests that competition law has been breached—eg press reports or informal complaints from customers, or • the Commission discovering alleged breaches of competition law during the course of a sector inquiry (see EU Sector inquiries) Often, a defendant might learn that it is under investigation only after the Commission has carried out an unannounced inspection (known as a ‘dawn raid’) or has issued information requests. Once started, an investigation will

Article 102 TFEU prohibits undertakings that (individually or collectively) hold a dominant position within the EU, or a substantial part of it,

The European Union has approved the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration, known as the Mauritius Convention on Transparency, on 25 September 2025. The EU becomes the tenth party to the Convention, which will enter into force for the EU on 25 March 2026. The Convention provides an efficient mechanism for applying the UNCITRAL Rules on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration to investment treaties concluded prior to 1 April 2014, supplementing pre-existing investment treaties with transparency-related obligations. The Rules on Transparency establish procedural requirements for transparency in treaty-based investor-state arbitration and public accessibility. The EU has provided financial support for the Transparency Registry, maintained by the UNCITRAL secretariat, which functions as a central repository for investor-state dispute settlement cases and related documents accessible to the public free of charge.

This Practice Note is a horizon scanner tracking key future developments in EU artificial intelligence (AI) law. It provides details of key dates for your diary (including forecasted dates where possible) and relevant commentary in relation to legislation-in-progress, legislation subject to future application dates or transposition deadlines, new consultations and calls for evidence, forthcoming guidance, and new EU-level strategies and action plans. This tracker is divided into the following sections: • Legislation in progress • Open consultations and calls for evidence • Key upcoming legislative transposition deadlines and dates of application • Key non-legislative developments This horizon scanner does not cover past developments, such as legislation published in the Official Journal. For details of past developments in EU AI law, see Practice Note: EU artificial intelligence—key developments tracker. For a complete list of resources covering AI, see Practice Note: Artificial intelligence (AI) resource kit. As a matter of priority, the 2024–2029 Commission is trying to tackle what it deems as overlapping, unnecessary, or disproportionate rules that overburden EU businesses and which may therefore inhibit growth and prevent

This Practice Note tracks key past developments in EU artificial intelligence (AI) law. It provides details of key events and relevant commentary relating to finalised legislation and other key developments, including published guidance and EU-level strategies and action plans. This tracker covers legislative developments from 2024 onwards. This tracker is divided into the following sections: • Legislation published in the Official Journal • Key non-legislative developments This tracker does not cover emerging or expected future developments, such as legislation-in-progress or open consultations. For details of future developments in EU AI law, see Practice Note: EU artificial intelligence—horizon scanner. For a list of all AI resources, see Practice Note: Artificial intelligence (AI) resource kit. Legislation published in the Official Journal The following table lists new EU AI-related legislation and major revisions to existing AI legislation. The entries are listed in reverse chronological order, based on publication date of the legislation in the Official Journal. It is expected that the pieces of legislation towards the bottom of the table come into force soonest. Note that on 28 September 2022, the proposal for an AI

This tracker sets out key dates and information relating to the development of automated (or autonomous) and driverless vehicles in the EU, including consultations, legislative changes, related guidance and announcements. For more information on the key EU legal issues raised by the development and use of automated vehicles in the EU, see Practice Notes: Automated vehicles—key legal issues in the EU and Automated vehicles—data, privacy and cybersecurity issues in the EU. To track the progress on EU rules for access to vehicle data, see Practice Note: EU data initiatives—tracker. To follow UK developments, see: UK automated vehicles—tracker. 2025 Date Type of development Summary 12 September 2025 Guidelines The Commission has published guidance explaining how automotive sector stakeholders should implement Chapter II of the EU Data Act regarding vehicle data sharing. The guidance provides specific implementation advice for original equipment manufacturers, suppliers, aftermarket service providers and insurance providers. The guidance clarifies data access rules and obligations under the EU Data Act, focusing exclusively on the automotive sector's requirements for vehicle data handling.See: LNB News 12/09/2025

MLex: The EU’s ban on Chinese inverters in renewable-energy projects involving EU funding is driven by cybersecurity and dependency risks, a European Commission official said on 4 May 2026. The Commission has evidence that inverters from high-risk countries could be used to disrupt the EU grid, while China’s dominance of production poses a security-of-supply risk. Advanced projects notified by 15 May 2026 and submitted for decision by 1 November 2026 can continue under old rules.

Law360, Expert analysis: A new era in EU anti-money laundering (AML) regulation is taking shape as the European Banking Authority (EBA) advances its draft regulatory technical standards (RTS), under the AML package that will enter into force on 10 July 2027. Amilcare Sada, partner, Matteo Fanton, senior associate and Matteo Ciampini, trainee, at Allen Overy Shearman Sterling provide a focused analysis of the proposed RTS, highlighting the most relevant commentary and opinions provided as part of the EBA consultation, outlining key points and the potential impact for stakeholders.

The European Banking Authority (EBA) is consulting on two draft implementing technical standards (ITS) amending Pillar 3 disclosures and supervisory reporting requirements for operational risk. Responses are sought by 30 April 2024.

The European Banking Authority (EBA) is consulting on two sets of draft regulatory technical standards (RTS) on the components of the business indicator (BI) and one draft implementing technical standard (ITS) on the mapping of the BI components with corresponding supervisory reporting references under the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR). Responses are sought by 21 May 2024.

Law360: The EU's banking watchdog has warned of the emergence of new forms of payment scams facing consumers and proposed new measures to 'future proof' the EU's anti-fraud rules in an opinion published 30 April 2024.

The EU, represented by the European Commission, has become the first strategic partner of the Global Coalition on Telecommunications (GCOT), an informal multilateral grouping comprising Australia, Canada, Finland, Japan, Sweden, the UK and the US. As a strategic partner, the EU will take part in GCOT discussions at various levels, contribute to specific workstreams led by member governments and endorse publications and initiatives on a voluntary basis. GCOT aims to ensure that telecommunications infrastructure is built on principles of security, resilience and global co-operation, with a focus on the development of next-generation telecommunications infrastructure. The Commission attended its first GCOT meeting on 4 May 2026 in Ottawa, Canada. The partnership is intended to support EU policy objectives, including supply chain diversification, security and resilience, sustainability and the development of future technologies such as 6G.