An employee who is contributing (or has contributions made on their behalf) to a pension scheme.

Theperiod during which a member of a pension scheme is an active member.

A network in which the passive splitting point is replaced with an Optical Line Distribution unit which is a powered unit making it possible to have a higher bit rate on individual routes over longer distances than on a passive optical network.

Also referred to as a ‘drug substance’, this term refers to any substance or mixture of substances intended to be the biologically active ingredient (or ‘active substance’) contained in a final medicinal product and intended to provide pharmacological activity or other direct effects. It is internationally defined as: ‘…any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug (medicinal) product and that, when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient of the drug product. Such substances are intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease or to affect the structure and function of the body.’ Medicinal products are usually composed of several components: the primary biologically active ingredient(s) which form the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) plus other non-active ingredients known as ‘excipients’. The procedure for optimising and compositing this mixture of components, often producing ‘pharmaceutical intermediate’ byproducts as synthesising the API, and excipients into a final medicinal product is referred to as drug ‘formulation’. APIs are legally required to be registered with drug regulatory authorities (eg MHRA, FDA, EMA) and manufactured in compliance with good manufacturing practice (GMP) regulations and licensed facilities.

Where a fund manager decides to invest more or less in a particular investment or class of investments than the investment represents in a benchmark or index.

The return of a portfolio relative to its investment benchmark.

The standard deviation (risk) of active return. This is also sometimes called the tracking error.

Actively approaching individual customers through advertisements.

A functioning satellite that receives and transmits or retransmits radio-communication signals to or from a base station.

Employment analysis: By making untruthful statements to their employer designed to cover up their own wrongdoing, an employee may fundamentally breach their employment contract, justifying their summary dismissal, even though that employee may have no proactive, positive duty to self-report in relation to their own misconduct, according to the EAT.

1 The rate at which radioactive material disintegrates or decays per unit time. The units can be measured as either a Curie (Ci) or a Becquerel (Bq). 2 An activity involving radioactive material that requires a Licence.

This Practice Note explains what an activity direction under the Children Act 1989 (ChA 1989) is and when one can be given and what an activity direction may include. It also explains what activity conditions are and when and on whom they can be imposed. It also deals with the court's ability to request that the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) monitors compliance with an activity direction, condition or order. Child arrangements orders A child arrangements order means an order relating to: • whom a child is to live, spend time or otherwise have contact with, and • when a child is to live, spend time or otherwise have contact with any person Standard orders have been issued in relation to private law children proceedings, including as to directions and final orders, the use of which is not obligatory, but is strongly encouraged. See Practice Note: Standard orders—private children. The standard orders include: • Order 7.2—Private Law Case Management Directions and Orders Precedent Library • Order 7.8—Private Law Direction on Enforcement Application The