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PRECEDENTS
Date [date] Parties 1 [name of Licensor] [of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [number]) whose registered office is at] [address] (Licensor) 2 [name of Licensee] [of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [number]) whose registered office is at] [address] (Licensee) 1 Definitions In this Licence, the following definitions apply: [Basic Payment Scheme • has the meaning given to the expression ‘basic payment scheme’ by section 7(2) of the Agriculture Act 2020, and includes any replacement scheme;] [BPS Payment • any direct payment under the Basic Payment Scheme;] [Cross Compliance Conditions • the statutory management requirements and the standards for good agricultural and environmental condition of land (and any comparable, replacement or additional requirements or standards) that must be complied with for full payment of a BPS Payment;] Legislation • all legislation in force in the United Kingdom at any time during the Licence Period, including: (a) Acts of Parliament; (b) orders, regulations, consents, licences, notices and bye laws made or granted: (i) under any Act of Parliament; (ii) by a local authority or by a court of competent jurisdiction; (c) any approved codes of practice issued by a statutory body; Licence Fee • £[amount] [per [month OR year] ]; Licence Period • the period starting on and including [today OR [date]]
GLOSSARY
A geographical term generally referring to the mainland nations of the UK and certain smaller islands.
PRACTICE NOTES
This Practice Note considers the regime for authorising (by licence or exemption) the activities of generating, distributing and supplying electricity in Great Britain (GB). It does not address the transmission of electricity, the operation of interconnectors, multi purpose interconnectors (MPIs), smart meter communications services or electricity system operation licensing. For a detailed overview of the wider electricity sector licensing regime, including those other areas, see Practice Note: An Introduction to Electricity Licensing in Great Britain. What are the licensing requirements under the Electricity Act 1989 (EA 1989)? It is an offence (punishable by fine) to carry out any of the following ‘licensable activities’ in the electricity sector in GB unless authorised by a licence or an exemption: • generating electricity for the purpose of giving a supply to any premises or enabling a supply to be so given • distributing electricity for that purpose, and • supplying electricity to any premises Other categories of licensable activities which require a licence or exemption in GB include electricity transmission, electricity system
PRACTICE NOTES
This Practice Note examines some key issues in the construction arrangements of electricity interconnector projects carried out in the UK. Electricity interconnectors are large transmission cables that transmit electricity from one country to another. An interconnector project will include the manufacture and installation of the cable itself (normally high voltage direct current (HVDC)) and the construction and fit out of an electricity substation (known as a converter station) at either end, which converts electricity between Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC). AC is used in each country’s transmission system, while DC is used for sending electricity along the high voltage subsea cables. For an introduction to electricity interconnectors, and how and where they operate in the UK, see Practice Note: Great Britain electricity interconnectors. Electricity interconnector projects usually require a contractual structure comprising either one ‘wrapped’ construction contract or two separate construction contracts (see section ‘Form of contract used on electricity interconnector projects’) to: • manufacture and install a cable which will carry the electricity between the countries or territories, and • construct the converter stations at either end of the interconnector
PRACTICE NOTES
Brexit impact As of 31 January 2020 (exit day), the UK ceased to be an EU Member State, but entered an implementation period during which it continued to be treated by the EU as a Member State for many purposes. 11 pm (GMT) on 31 December 2020 marked the end of the Brexit transition/implementation period entered into following the UK’s withdrawal from the EU. At this point in time (referred to in UK law as ‘IP completion day’), key transitional arrangements came to an end and significant changes began to take effect across the UK’s legal regime. Any changes relevant to this content will be set out below. On 24 December 2020, the European Commission and UK government announced an agreement in principle on the legal terms of the future UK-EU relationship. Announced just one week before IP completion day, the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA), and associated agreements came at the 11th hour, leaving little time to put in place the necessary legal and practical arrangements to make the deal fully operational. The deal was
PRACTICE NOTES
Note that additional commentary on the issues discussed in this Practice Note in the context of the regulation, consenting and incentivisation of the net zero energy transition is available in the following textbook that we have published: Collinson and Hockman on Energy Law: Regulating, Consenting and Incentivising the Energy Transition. This Practice Note tracks the key developments and anticipated next steps in relation to the establishment and operation of the Great British Energy (GB Energy). GB Energy is a company wholly-owned by the government (but operationally independent), whose establishment by the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) is designed to facilitate the deployment of clean energy in Great Britain. GB Energy is not to be confused with Great British Energy-Nuclear (formerly known as Great British Nuclear and renamed on 10 June 2025). While both companies are allied and are publicly owned with a shared mission, they are two separate companies. For more information on GB Energy, including what it is, the reasons for its establishment, its structure and the role it is to play in the
NEWS
Great British Energy (GBE) has published its first Strategic Plan outlining the publicly owned energy company's priorities through 2030. The plan targets at least 15 GW of clean energy generation, £15bn of mobilised private finance, support for over 1,000 community energy projects, and more than 10,000 jobs. GBE established three investment priorities: local energy projects, onshore energy development, and offshore energy acceleration. The plan includes details of a £1bn 'Energy – Engineered in the UK' programme intended to strengthen domestic industrial capacity, responding to the Energy Secretary's Statement of Strategic Priorities published earlier in 2025.
PRACTICE NOTES
Note that additional commentary on the issues discussed in this Practice Note in the context of the regulation, consenting and incentivisation of the net zero energy transition is available in the following textbook that we have published: Collinson and Hockman on Energy Law: Regulating, Consenting and Incentivising the Energy Transition. What is Great British Energy? Great British Energy (GB Energy) is a wholly-owned UK-government company, established by the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) to facilitate the deployment of clean energy in the UK, through its participation in the investment, production, distribution, storage and supply of clean energy, and to boost energy independence and security. This is intended with respect to new clean energy technologies, such as floating offshore wind, tidal power, hydrogen and carbon capture, as well as by accelerating the roll-out of more mature technologies, such as wind, solar and nuclear. GB Energy is not intended to be simply an investment vehicle—it is to own, manage and operate clean power projects and to generate clean power in its own right. It is designed to work
GLOSSARY
The authority for the Greater London area, established on 3 July 2000 under the Greater London Authority Act 1999.
NEWS
Financial Services analysis: The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is consulting on changing its rules on the collecting of data on mortgages. Charlotte Eborall of 3 Verulam Buildings comments on the consultation and says firms will need to make appropriate system changes.
PRACTICE NOTES
1. What is the applicable legislation? The applicable legislation establishing a national screening mechanism for foreign direct investments (FDI) and implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/452 in Greece is Law 5202/2025, which was adopted on 22 May 2025 (Greek FDI Law). The relevant implementing acts include: • Joint Ministerial Decision No. 64260/2025 – Government Gazette No.6009 – 11 November 2025, and • Council of Ministers Act No.11/2025 – Government Gazette No.97 – 11 June 2025 2. Which government or other body (or bodies) reviews foreign investments? The authorities in charge of reviewing foreign investments in Greece are: • the Interministerial Committee for Control of Foreign Direct Investments (ICFSDI or, in Greek, the Δ.Ε.Ε.Α.Ξ.Ε. (DEEAXE)), and • the Minister of Foreign Affairs The procedural aspects of the screening process are handled by B1 Directorate for Openness Planning and Coordination of Openness Bodies of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (B1 Directorate), which acts as the secretariat to DEEAXE and serves as the point of contact for foreign investors. 3. What is the scope of the
PRACTICE NOTES
This table summarises all completed investigations by Greece’s competition authority (the Hellenic Competition Commission—HCC) into alleged cartels, anti-competitive agreements and abuses of dominant positions (Articles 101/102 TFEU and national equivalents) since 2018. Note—only investigations that have been made public are included in this table. 2026 Investigations under Article 101 TFEU/Article 1 of Law 3959/11 Case name, companies under investigation and industry Issues Developments Pet food supply• KOMPA Ltd• HAPPY DOG SA Restrictive agreements—RPM •  Press release published—06/03/2026; fines totalling €482,498 imposed Investigations under Article 102 TFEU/Article 2 of Law 3959/11 The HCC has not yet issued any decisions under Article 102/Article 2 in 2026 2025 Investigations under Article 101 TFEU/Article 1 of Law 3959/11 Case name, companies under investigation and industry Issues Developments School accessories and toys• Public Ret Restrictive agreements—RPM • Commitments accepted—19/11/2025 Ready-to-eat cereal• Atlanta Restrictive agreements—vertical agreement • Settlement agreement reached—02/05/2025; fines totalling €127,314 imposed Investigations under Article 102 TFEU/Article 2 of Law 3959/11 The HCC did not issue any decisions under Article 102/Article 2 in 2025 2024 Investigations under