The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) has published a policy paper setting out the regulatory landscape for developing and operating fusion energy facilities in England and Wales. The paper confirms that, under the Energy Act 2023, fusion facilities are not nuclear installations under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 and do not require a nuclear site licence, with principal regulation instead falling to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the relevant national environment agency. In England, fusion facilities with an expected generating capacity above 50 megawatts (MW) require a development consent order under the Planning Act 2008. In Wales, facilities between 50 and 350 MW are significant infrastructure projects under the Infrastructure (Wales) Act 2024, with projects above 350 MW falling within the nationally significant infrastructure project regime. The use of ionising radiation for fusion energy is not currently a justified practice in the UK, although UK Fusion Energy has submitted an application intended to cover fusion energy facilities using deuterium-tritium fuel to produce electricity or heat for industrial use. Most fusion facilities are also expected to require consent under the Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017, SI 2017/1075, before operation. Environmental permits may be required across construction, operation and decommissioning, and developers are encouraged to engage early with HSE and the relevant environment agency.