Introduction to free trade agreements

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This subtopic provides an overview of free trade agreements. It is aimed at lawyers who need a high-level overview of the legal framework. This subtopic contains the following guidance:

  1. •

    Practice Note:Introduction to free trade agreements

  2. •

    Practice Note: Free Trade Comparator

  3. •

    Practice Note: The Windsor Framework—trade between Northern Ireland, the UK and EU

  4. •

    Practice Note: Health certification for medium-risk animals, plants and products and high-risk food

  5. •

    Practice

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Latest International Trade News

DBT publishes report for UK’s first WTO trade policy review

The Department for Business and Trade (DBT) has published its first independent trade policy review submitted to the World Trade Organization (WTO). The report highlights key trade policy areas for WTO members and explains the UK’s strategic vision for achieving sustainable, inclusive and resilient growth through trade, underpinned by the Trade Strategy, Industrial Strategy, and ‘Backing your Business’ plan for small and medium-sized enterprises. The report also demonstrates the UK’s role in shaping global trade policy through active participation in multilateral, plurilateral and bilateral frameworks, and its continued advocacy for WTO reform and a modern, rules-based international trading system.

TRA recommends revoking countervailing measure on Egyptian glass fibre imports

The Trade Remedies Authority (TRA) has published its intended recommendation to revoke a countervailing measure on imports of continuous filament glass fibre products from Egypt. The recommendation follows a transition review initiated on 20 March 2025 to assess whether the measure, inherited from the European Union following Brexit, remained necessary. In its Statement of Essential Facts, the TRA determined that revocation is appropriate given the absence of current UK production of glass fibre, meaning no UK industry can suffer injury from imports. The UK imported over £35m worth of glass fibre in 2024, with 7.5% originating from Egypt. Glass fibres are used in wind turbine blade creation and across marine, automotive, building and construction industries. Interested parties have until 11:59pm GMT on 10 November 2025 to comment on the Statement of Essential Facts through the Trade Remedies Service. The TRA estimates that removing this measure could reduce import costs for UK users of glass fibre reinforcements.

Weekly roundup of HMRC import, export and customs guidance—27 October 2025

Details of updates to HMRC import, export and customs guidance for the period from 21 to 27 October 2025.

Commission imposes anti-dumping duties on imports of screws without heads from China

The European Commission has imposed definitive anti-dumping duties ranging from 54.7% to 72.3% on screws without heads imported from China, following an investigation that identified unfair trade practices. The duties cover threaded rods, anchor bolts and U-bolts used in the automotive, renewable energy, electrical appliance, agriculture and construction sectors. These measures aim to restore fair competition in the EU market between Chinese imports and EU-produced products. The EU market for screws without heads is valued at €500m, with domestic production based in Belgium, Croatia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and Poland.

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