Introduction This Practice Note is a guide to arbitration proceedings administered by the International and Ibero-American Arbitration Center of Madrid (‘CIIAM’ or the ‘Center’) (formerly CIAM-CIAR) under its arbitration rules in force since 1 January 2024 (the Arbitration Rules). The Practice Note addresses procedural management aspects ranging from seat and language to presentation of evidence, interim measures, third-party funding, and multi-party and multi-contract arbitrations. The Madrid Court of Arbitration has adopted the CIIAM Procedural Guide, incorporating it as a non-binding reference guide for arbitration proceedings administered by the court. It provides practical guidance on aspects relating to arbitration proceedings, intended for arbitrators and parties. For further information, see: LNB News 30/07/2026 10. Seat and language of arbitration The Arbitration Rules allow the seat of arbitration to be fixed anywhere and, in the absence of agreement in this regard, the Center shall determine it considering the circumstances of the case and after consulting the parties (Art 23.1). The choice