The International Arbitration Centre of Madrid – Ibero-American Arbitration Centre (CIAM-CIAR) has published a report titled 'Arbitration and Artificial Intelligence. Principles and recommendations for the use of AI systems in arbitration proceedings' on 28 November 2025. The report, produced by CIAM-CIAR's Working Group on Digital Economy and Intellectual Property, establishes principles for arbitral tribunals to incorporate AI systems while maintaining legal certainty, preserving arbitration principles, and ensuring procedural integrity and confidentiality. The recommendations address compliance with applicable regulations, particularly European AI and data protection regulations, and cover predictive, generative and agentic AI systems. The document identifies potential benefits including efficiency, cost reduction and error identification, while highlighting risks such as biases, hallucinations, opacity and impacts on procedural principles. The report emphasises that arbitral tribunals remain responsible for ensuring AI system compliance with applicable arbitral proceedings rules and that arbitrators retain sole decision-making authority. The Working Group intends the report to serve as the foundation for a future practical guide for institutions, courts and professionals.