Mandatory conformity marking for certain products sold within the EEA, including medical devices. It shows that the manufacturer has checked that these products meet EU safety, health or environmental requirements, is an indicator of a product’s compliance with EU legislation and allows the free movement of products within the EEA.

NOTE: CPR PD 5C (CE-File electronic filing and case management system) came into force on 1 October 2025 and should be referred to in respect of the procedure for use of CE-File in the Senior Courts Costs Office (SCCO). The Electronic Working in the Senior Courts Costs Office Practice Note by the Senior Costs Judge dated October 2019 refers to CPR PD 51O which has been revoked. CPR PD 5C (CE-File electronic filing and case management system) should be referred to instead. Mandatory use of CE-Filing in the Costs Office—legally represented parties CE-File applies to the SCCO (CPR PD 5C, para 1.3(d)). It must be used by a legally represented party to start or continue any proceedings and to correspond with the court (CPR PD 5C, para 2.1(a)). It is not compulsory for a litigant in person to use CE-File (CPR PD 5C, para 2.1(b)). Documents must be uploaded to the court file using CE-File in specified cases set out in the Electronic Working in the Senior Courts Costs Office Practice Note by

Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives: The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, owned and run by the French Government.

Committed Effective Dose Equivalent: The total dose to specific organs or tissues from an intake of radiation multiplied by the applicable weighting factor for that organ.

one of a number of ADR organisations, who can help arrange and organise mediations, and other ADR processes. CEDR is also one of the leading trainers of mediators in the UK. Those who are qualified to CEDR standard are CEDR accredited. See: http://www.cedr.com/

On 25 September 2024 the G7 Cyber Expert Group (CEG) published a public statement highlighting the potential cybersecurity risks associated with developments in quantum computing and recommending steps for financial authorities and institutions to take to address those risks.

NOTE—to see whether notification thresholds in CEMAC and throughout the world are met, see further: Where to Notify. Introduction Competition in CEMAC is regulated in terms of Regulation N. 06/19-UEAC-639-CM-33 of 7 April 2019 (Regulation), Regulation No. 000350 dated 25 September 2020, Regulation 00087 dated 16 March 2022, and Regulation No. 000140 dated 16 March 2023, amending Regulation No.000350 (Second Amendment Procedural Regulations). Mergers which are notifiable must first be approved by the CEMAC Commission (Commission) before it may be implemented. CEMAC regulates mergers of legal entities which are based in the CEMAC region. The Regulation, Art 58 provides that a merger (a concentration) will take place when: • two or more companies which were previously independent merge, • one or more companies acquire directly or indirectly, whether by equity participation, contract or any other means, control of the whole or part of one or more other companies, or • a joint venture is set up to perform on a lasting basis all the functions of an autonomous economic entity The merger review process focuses on mergers

Continuous Emergency Monitoring Equipment

The Belgian Centre for Arbitration and Mediation (CEPANI) has announced that its Board of Directors have approved the revised CEPANI Arbitration Rules, which will enter into force on 1 June 2026. The 2026 Rules introduce a streamlined framework aligned with the digitalisation of arbitral practice, allowing proceedings to be conducted fully electronically, including provisions for virtual hearings, digital submissions and the electronic signing of arbitral awards. Additionally, provisions on multiparty proceedings, have been made clearer under the new rules. The aim of the revised rules is to ensure that CEPANI rules meet the expectations of users who require a modern, clear and efficient dispute resolution mechanism.

The Belgian Centre for Arbitration and Mediation (CEPANI) has published its 2025 statistical survey, reporting an increase in newly initiated arbitration proceedings and continued growth in international and high-value disputes. Overall, 38% of cases involved at least one international party, including 9% with only international parties (compared with none in 2024), while 53% involved exclusively Belgian parties. Proceedings were introduced in English (47%), Dutch (38%) and French (15%). Expedited cases involving claims below €100,000 accounted for 15% of the caseload, while 46% of disputes involved amounts exceeding €1m, up from 37% in 2024. Brussels was selected as the seat in 76% of cases, with 18% seated elsewhere in Belgium and 6% abroad, namely Luxembourg. CEPANI states that women represented 30% of appointed arbitrators (up from 23% in 2024), with 50% of Appointments Committee appointments going to women. In addition, 18% of appointed arbitrators were under 40, 83% of whom were appointed by the Committee.

Central Emergency Support Centre

Cash Equivalent Transfer Value in relation to a pension.