The equitable remedy of account is available where a person in a fiduciary or other relationship to the claimant improperly receives profit or withholds money or property from the claimant.

The remedies available in cases involving attempts to enforce post-termination restrictions may conveniently be divided between: • interim remedies available before final trial, and • remedies available following final trial of the case Interim remedies typically consist of injunctions—see Practice Notes: • Interim injunctions in employee competition claims and confidentiality claims • Springboard injunctions in employee competition claims • Delivery up orders in employee competition claims and confidentiality claims • Search orders and imaging orders in employee competition claims and confidentiality claims • Freezing orders in employee competition claims Although the court will usually order an expedited trial in employee competition cases, it is often the case that claims involving the enforcement of post-termination restrictions will never reach a final trial—the main battle between the parties tends to take place at an interim stage where the employer seeks, and the employee resists, the granting of injunctive relief. Once that initial battle is over, which tends to be relatively quick and less costly in terms of overall litigation costs, the parties

In addition to the Precedents referred to in this Accountability, governance and compliance sub-topic, the following risk and compliance focused Precedents are also available in Lexis+® UK Risk & Compliance: Identifying and assessing data protection risks • Precedent: Small business GDPR

Accountancy Europe has published factsheets that analyse the Omnibus Directive, which amends both the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). The directives were adopted by the European Parliament on 16 December 2025. Under the updated CSRD, the scope is limited to large undertakings that employ over 1,000 people and generate an annual turnover of at least €450m, while listed small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are fully exempt. Meanwhile, the CSDDD applies to EU companies with more than 5,000 employees and an annual turnover of €1.5bn, with Member States mandated to transpose the directive by 26 July 2028.

The National Crime Agency (NCA) has announced that self-employed accountant, Abid Naveed, has handed over £1.9m to settle a civil recovery claim based on alleged links to a criminal gang responsible for laundering £160m of drug money. Evidence from the NCA case linked Naveed to a large-scale money laundering operation, which had been previously investigated by the NCA.

The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) has announced that an accountant has been imprisoned for 11 years and five months for ten counts of fraud and two counts of theft at Leeds Crown Court for defrauding the NHS, companies, and individuals of more than £1.3m. Stephen Day, who was a board member or trustee of eight companies, persuaded them to use his business for their payroll services and financial management operations. He would then take hundreds of thousands of pounds from their bank accounts. From 2012, Day applied and worked for three NHS trusts at the same time, claiming thousands of pounds from trusts based in Merseyside, Staffordshire and Cheshire. He also committed romance fraud by pretending to be in a relationship with a woman in order to steal money, while simultaneously being in a relationship with two men.

This is an Agency of the Scottish Government, which supervises the process of personal bankruptcy (sequestration) in Scotland and can act as trustee in sequestrations where no insolvency practitioner is nominated to act. It also records corporate insolvencies (receivership and liquidations only) in Scotland, but does not act as an Official Receiver.

A court appointed officer who administers or manages funds and property under statute.

This Practice Note sets out the requirements of the SRA Accounts Rules regarding the obligation to obtain and deliver an accountant’s report. It also reflects supporting guidance issued by the SRA: • Accountant’s report and the exemption to obtain one • Planning for and completing an accountant’s report The SRA Accounts Rules are concise, but are supported by extensive SRA guidance. The Rules are written in clear language that is easy to understand but contain subjective terms such as ‘promptly’, ‘fair’ and ‘appropriate’. The SRA acknowledges that this requires an exercise of judgment. Most firms are required to obtain an accountant’s report but few firms are required to deliver that report to the SRA. Responsibility for compliance Your firm’s managers are jointly and severally responsible for compliance. A manager means a sole practitioner, member of an LLP, director of a company, partner in a partnership etc. The firm’s compliance officer for finance and administration (COFA) must take all reasonable steps to ensure the firm, its managers and employees comply with any obligations imposed upon them under

The EU Accounting Directive (2013/34/EU) of 26 June 2013 (amending Directive 2006/43/EC and repealing Council Directives 78/660/EEC and 83/349/EEC) setting out a new regime for the form and content of annual financial statements. The UK implemented Chapters 1–9 of the Accounting Directive through the Companies, Partnerships and Groups (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2015 (SI 2015/980). The Accounting Directive was amended by Directive 2014/95/EU as regards disclosure of non-financial and diversity information by certain large undertakings and groups.

The leading Islamic international autonomous not-for-profit corporate body that prepares accounting, auditing, governance, ethics and Shari’ah standards for Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) and the global Islamic finance industry. Established in Bahrain in 1991, it is supported by a number of institutional members from over 45 countries, including central banks and regulatory authorities, financial institutions, accounting and auditing firms, and legal firms. Its standards are currently followed by the leading Islamic financial institutions across the world and have introduced a progressive degree of harmonisation of international Islamic finance practices. It also offers professional qualification programs (notably Certified Islamic Professional Accountant (CIPA), the Certified Shari’ah Adviser and Auditor (CSAA), and the corporate compliance program) in efforts to enhance the industry’s human resources base and governance structures.

This Practice Note covers how 'business combinations' are accounted for, together with some accounting issues that can arise as a result of the way M&A transactions are structured and how these can affect negotiation of the acquisition agreement. This Practice Note looks at the following accounting standards, highlighting key areas of difference: • the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), developed and maintained by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) for global application (they are now mandated for use by over 100 countries, including the EU and all of the G20, with specific reference to IFRS 3 (Business combinations) (IFRS 3)) • FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102), one of a number of Financial Reporting Standards issued by the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) (UK GAAP), which can be applied to all companies and entities in the UK and Republic of Ireland other than listed groups FRS 102 is a single