This Practice Note considers direct supervision by the EU’s Authority for Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AMLA) of financial services firms which have the highest risk profiles in several EU Member States, falling within the definition of ‘Selected Obliged Entities’, for compliance with the EU’s anti-money laundering (AML) and countering the financing of terrorism (CTF) framework, including the EU’s financial sanctions framework. In relation to AMLA’s direct supervision of Selected Obliged Entities (SOEs), it sets out: • the legislative basis for AMLA’s direct supervision—Regulation (EU) 2024/1620 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2024 establishing the Authority for Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism and amending Regulations (EU) 1093/2010, (EU) 1094/2010 and (EU) 1095/2010 (the AML Agency Regulation (AMLAR)) • key operative dates • the criteria and selection process AMLA will use to determine which credit and financial institutions, including cryptoasset providers (CASPs), it will directly supervise for compliance with the EU’s AML/CTF framework • AMLA’s supervisory powers, and • AMLA’s disciplinary and enforcement powers This