The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) has published a summary of responses to its May 2024 call for evidence on non-pipeline transport (NPT) and cross-border CO2 networks for carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS). The responses highlighted the importance of NPT in facilitating the expansion of CCUS in the UK and the vital role of cross-border networks in delivering economic benefits, increasing storage appraisal activity, and supporting the deployment of domestic CCUS projects. Potential barriers to NPT deployment were identified, including high capital and operational costs, uncertainties around long-term CO2 supply for stores, and planning and consenting processes impacting delivery timelines. DESNZ intends to consult on NPT in the second half of 2025, addressing support for NPT costs, cross-chain risk protections, and economic licensing. In addition, DESNZ will engage separately on cross-border CO2 transport and storage networks to accelerate project deployment.