The Association for Financial Markets in Europe (AFME), in collaboration with eleven European and international organisations, has released the eighth edition of its Capital Markets Union – Key Performance Indicators report, which tracks the EU’s progress in strengthening and integrating its capital markets and measures key developments. The report finds that the EU has made only limited progress in closing the competitiveness gap with major global markets, with structural weaknesses persisting. Key findings include: continued weak IPO activity, ongoing market fragmentation and a slowdown in market-based funding, alongside trends such as rising private capital and increased issuance of DLT-based bonds.