Marine planning

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Marine planning—content

Content on marine planning in this subtopic includes the following Practice Notes:

  1. •

    The Marine Management Organisation—the Marine Management Organisation (MMO) is a statutory body created by the MCAA 2009 to license, regulate and plan marine activities in the seas around England. This Practice Note explains the status and legal framework of the MMO and summarises the functions, duties, responsibilities and enforcement powers of the MMO

  2. •

    Marine planning under Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009—outlines marine planning under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 (MCAA 2009). It covers: marine planning, including the role of the MMO, the marine policy statement, marine plans, marine conservation zones (MCZs), and marine licensing

  3. •

    Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009—snapshot—summarises the provisions of the MCAA 2009, which includes the establishment of the MMO, creation of a strategic marine planning system, streamlining the marine licensing system, and introducing key changes to marine

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Latest Environment News

Welsh Government publishes consultation on net zero transition plan for 2026-2030

The Welsh Government has published a consultation document on its third net zero plan covering 2026-2030, which will be finalised in late 2026. The plan focuses on transport electrification, building decarbonisation and sustainable farming, with targets including 25% of homes using low-carbon heating by 2033 and 40% of vehicles being electric by 2033. Public consultation runs through Wales Climate Week (3-5 November 2025) and community events until February 2026.

European Commission adopts 2026 Work Programme

The European Commission has adopted its 2026 Work Programme, Europe’s Independence Moment, setting out a new plan for Europe’s sustainable prosperity, competitiveness, and resilience. Building on its previous efforts under the 2024–2029 Political Guidelines, the 2026 Work Programme aims to strengthen Europe’s technological autonomy, energy security, and social cohesion while driving simplification and competitiveness across all sectors.

OEP welcomes Supreme Court judgment on Habitats Regulations assessment requirements

The Office for Environmental Protection (OEP) has welcomed the Supreme Court judgment in CG Fry & Son Ltd v the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government, handed down on 22 October 2025. The Supreme Court confirmed that assessments of impacts on protected sites may be required at later stages of the multi-stage consent process for planning applications under the Habitats Regulations, even where no assessment was conducted when outline planning permission was granted. The judgment established that the Habitats Regulations must be interpreted in light of the precautionary principle and continue to implement the Habitats Directive despite the UK having left the European Union. The Court addressed two issues: the interpretation of regulation 63 of the Habitats Regulations and the effect of outline planning permission grants. The OEP intervened only on the first issue to clarify regulatory interpretation for environmental protection purposes. The Supreme Court allowed CG Fry's appeal on the second ground, ruling that lower courts erred in giving policy statements the same status as legislative rules when comparing paragraph 181 of the National Planning Policy Framework with regulation 63 of the Habitats Regulations.

NRW launches consultation on River Basin management plans for Wales waterways

Natural Resources Wales (NRW) has launched its second consultation on the management and protection of Wales’s rivers, lakes, streams, groundwater, and coastal waters. NRW is updating River Basin management plans for the Western Wales and Dee River Basin Districts, revised every six years to set strategic direction, assess water conditions, and identify measures to meet statutory standards. Sustainable Water and Nature Manager, Dr Rhian Thomas, emphasised the pressures on Welsh waters from climate change and human activity and encouraged public participation to shape future management ambitions. The Severn River Basin Management Plan, developed with the Environment Agency in England, will open for consultation later this year. NRW has also published an interim progress report on the 2021–27 plans. The consultation will run until 21 April 2026.

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