means the cumulative volume of Greenhouse Gas emissions permitted at the national level for the period of [year to year], expressed as a net quantity of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent and determined by decree of [national legislation].

means the cumulative volume of carbon dioxide emissions permitted within a defined five-year period, as determined by the Secretary of State in accordance with the duties under sections 4(1)(a) and 8(1) of the Climate Change Act 2008 in order to keep global warming below the Net Zero Target, and set at: (a) 2,544,000,000 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent for the period of 2018–2022 under the Carbon Budgets Order 2009, SI 2009/1259, art 2(c) (b) 1,950,000,000 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent for the period of 2023–2027 under the Carbon Budget Order 2011, SI 2011/1603, art 2(c), and (c) 1,725,000,000 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent for the period of 2028–2032 under the Carbon Budget Order 2016, SI 2016/785, art 2(c).

means the aggregate of [value] tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent of Greenhouse Gas emissions permitted within the period of [YEAR to YEAR].

means the cumulative volume of Greenhouse Gas emissions permitted at the national level for the period of [year to year], expressed as a net quantity of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent and determined by decree of [national legislation].

means the cumulative volume of carbon dioxide emissions permitted within a defined five-year period, as determined by the Secretary of State in accordance with the duties under sections 4(1)(a) and 8(1) of the Climate Change Act 2008 in order to keep global warming below the Net Zero Target, and set at: (a) 2,544,000,000 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent for the period of 2018–2022 under the Carbon Budgets Order 2009, SI 2009/1259, art 2(c) (b) 1,950,000,000 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent for the period of 2023–2027 under the Carbon Budget Order 2011, SI 2011/1603, art 2(c), and (c) 1,725,000,000 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent for the period of 2028–2032 under the Carbon Budget Order 2016, SI 2016/785, art 2(c).

Environment analysis: This case concerns the government’s duties under the Climate Change Act 2008 (CCA 2008), in particular the Secretary of State’s obligation to prepare and to lay before Parliament such proposals and policies as he considers ‘will enable the carbon budgets’ to be met (CCA 2008, s 13(1). The application for judicial review impugned the Carbon Budget Delivery Plan (‘the CBDP’) approved by the Secretary of State and laid before Parliament on 30 March 2023. It succeeded on four of the five grounds relied upon, Mr Justice Sheldon holding that the Secretary of State had acted in breach of CCA 2008, s 13 in the following principal ways: The underlying advice was misleading, such that the conclusion (that the policies and proposals would enable the carbon budgets to be met) was irrational; there was insufficient information within the CBDP to enable the Secretary of State to reach a decision whether a given target for emissions reductions would be met; and the Secretary of State’s conclusion that their contribution to sustainable development was ‘likely to be’ positive, did not reflect the mandatory test within CCA 2008, s 13(3). Written by Harriet Townsend, barrister at Cornerstone Barristers.

[means the use of technology to safely: (a) capture waste carbon dioxide at the emissions source; (b) transport the captured carbon dioxide, and (c) [either use or] permanently store the captured carbon dioxide, such that the captured carbon dioxide is not released into the atmosphere. OR means the [technology for and] process of capturing, transporting [and using or] storing waste carbon dioxide.]

The process by which CO2 emissions from an emitter (usually a power station or large industrial unit) are separated from the exhaust gases and transported to a storage facility (usually depleted oil and gas fields) in order to reduce its effect on climate change.

[means the standard metric measure used by [the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)] to compare the emissions from various Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) on the basis of their global warming potential over a specified timescale[ in order to express a Carbon Footprint that consists of different GHGs as a single number]. OR means a unit of measurement that is used to standardise the climate effects of various Greenhouse Gases.]

The minimum value at which carbon can be traded. The setting of a carbon floor price is essentially a regulatory/taxation policy which obliges polluters to pay at least a minimum value for the right to pollute. In the UK, this floor price was originally adopted as part of a range of measures collectively referred to as Electricity Market Reform.

[means the total annual [GHG OR Scope 1, 2 and 3 Emissions] relating to the [product OR event OR individual OR Company’s OR party’s] business[, expressed as a Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (CO2e)]. OR means the amount in tonnes of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent of Scope 1, 2 and 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions that will be released into the atmosphere as a result of the [manufacture OR supply OR use] of the [Product OR Service OR Business Operation Project], determined in accordance [with international Carbon Reporting practice, being the accepted practice from time to time in relation to reporting for the purposes of the protocols to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change OR with an internationally recognised environmental standard OR with the [organisation’s] carbon footprint methodology and/or carbon footprint tool/standard].]

[means internationally recognised standards to measure, manage and demonstrate carbon credentials covering: (a) organisations (including but not limited to the BEIS Voluntary Reporting Guidelines and the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard); (b) projects, product and services (including but not limited to PAS 2050:2011, ISO 14001 and the GHG protocol Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard), and (c) events (including but not limited to PAS2060/ISO 20121). means: (a) for Organisational Carbon Footprints and Supply Chain Carbon Footprints the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard, [or ISO 14064], and (b) for Product Carbon Footprints the GHG Protocol Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard, or [ISO 14064].]