Violent disorder refers to group violence in a public or private place that causes or risks causing serious disturbance, beyond ordinary public order offending. In England and Wales it is a statutory offence under section 2 of the Public Order Act 1986: three or more persons present together who use or threaten unlawful violence, with conduct taken together being such as would cause a person of reasonable firmness present at the scene to fear for their safety. No such person need actually be present.In Northern Ireland, a similar offence is created by the Public Order (Northern Ireland) Order 1987. In Scotland, “violent disorder” is not a distinct statutory offence; equivalent conduct is prosecuted under common law breach of the peace, mobbing and rioting, or statutory public order offences. In Ireland, violent disorder is codified in section 15 of the Criminal Justice (Public Order) Act 1994 on similar “three or more persons” principles.The offence is indictable, often charged in connection with riots, gang violence, football disorder and large-scale fights, and is distinguished from affray by the requirement for group participation.