HM Treasury’s Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation (OFSI) and the US Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) have published guidance comparing the UK and US economic sanctions regimes to help stakeholders understand their compliance obligations. The guidance outlines the roles of both authorities, the legal frameworks underpinning sanctions, the types of sanctions measures available, and the scope of their respective jurisdictions. It explains that both regimes use sanctions to support foreign policy and national security objectives, maintain sanctions lists, issue licences for otherwise prohibited activities, and enforce compliance. The document also highlights key differences in terminology, sanctions structures, sanctions lists, and the treatment of sanctioned persons and assets.