What are mines and minerals? Mines There is no one definitive meaning of the word ‘mine’. It is a protean word (ie one which takes its meaning from the context in which or, in the words of Lord Halsbury in Glasgow v Farie, the intention with which it is used). Specific legislation (eg the Mines and Quarries Act 1954, the Coal Industry Act 1994 (CIA 1994), the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995, SI 1995/418, and the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995, SI 2015/596), may give ‘mine’ a particular meaning for the purposes of that legislation. Similarly, but rarely, a document may define ‘mine’ for the purposes of that document. In the absence of any express definition, the word 'mine' takes its meaning from the other words used in the particular statute or document in question, and also from the factual context. That being said, the word 'mine' is perhaps most commonly and generally used in ordinary language to mean an underground excavation made for the purpose of getting minerals.

Before it was repealed by the statutory funding objective, Pensions Act 1995, s 56 specified that the funding level of a defined benefit scheme should not be less than its actuarial liability. A prescribed set of actuarial assumptions were used to calculate the MFR. Schemes could be fully funded on the MFR basis but hugely in deficit on other bases eg buy-out.

Smallest unit of cable capacity that can be sold—currently 2Mb link.

FORTHCOMING CHANGE: On 6 August 2024, the government announced its intention to repeal the Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Act 2023 (Strikes Act 2023). Following that announcement, clause 61 of the Employment Rights Bill, introduced on 10 October 2024, provides for the repeal of the Strikes Act 2023 and the reversal of its amending provisions to Part V of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992. Clause 118 of the Bill confirms that these repealing provisions will come into force on the day on which the Employment Rights Act 2025 is passed. For further information on the Employment Rights Bill, generally, see Employment News Analysis: The Employment Rights Bill, and Employment Rights Bill 2024 - views from the sector, LNB News 10/10/2024 85. To track the progress of the Bill through Parliament, see Practice Note: Employment Rights Act 2025—tracker. The government also launched a public consultation on creating a modern framework for industrial relations. The consultation seeks views on several specific measures designed to ‘modernise

A contractual obligation to carry channels to a minimum percentage of a cable communications provider’s subscriber base. Normally these are set at between 80% and 100% of subscribers. Such obligations are a form of risk-sharing between broadcaster and cable communications provider reflecting the need on the part of the channel provider to recover its fixed costs.

This Practice Note provides an overview of the minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES) for the private rented sector arising out of the Energy efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962. It provides an overview of the regulations in relation to non-domestic and domestic private rented properties, guidance, strategy, policy and consultations in relation to the prohibition of letting of substandard domestic and non-domestic private rented property. Minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES)—background Legislation The UK has established a number of legislative targets in relation to energy efficiency and carbon reduction, such as the requirement in section 1 of the Climate Change Act 2008 (CCA 2008) as amended by the Climate Change Act 2008 (2050 Target Amendment) Order 2019, SI 2019/1056 that carbon levels are reduced by at least 100% from 1990 levels by 2050 (including greenhouse gas emissions from buildings). To help in achieving those targets, UK buildings need to become more energy efficient and to reach energy efficiency standards as close to an 'A' Energy Performance Certificate

This Practice Note considers the minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES) for the domestic private rented properties (DPRs) set out in the Energy efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962. It focuses on the obligations for landlords of DPRs to consent to tenant’s energy efficiency improvements. It is part of our series of Practice Notes on MEES. For an overview of the background to the development of MEES, see Practice Note: Minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES) in the private rented sector—snapshot MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962 made under the Energy Act 2011 (EnA 2011) have two main requirements in relation to DPRs: • tenants’ rights to request consent for energy improvements (MEES Regs Pt 2): from 1 April 2016, tenants of DPR property have a right to request consent for energy efficiency improvement measures which may not be unreasonably refused by the landlord where financial support is available. The Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) (now the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ)) issued

This Practice Note looks at the impact on both landlords and tenants of non-domestic private rented (NDPR) property of the Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962 and discusses the various issues which landlords and tenants should consider in relation to minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES) under existing leases. It also looks at the impact of MEES on new commercial lease negotiations in relation to service charge, tenant alterations, statutory compliance, yielding up, rent review, landlord’s right of entry, and controls over the tenant’s ability to undertake works which affect the energy performance rating of a property (EPC rating). It is part of our series of Practice Notes on MEES. MEES Regs 2015, reg 27 provides that a landlord must not let (or continue to let) substandard (ie with an EPC rating of ‘F’ or ‘G’) NDPR property unless: • 'relevant energy efficiency improvements' are undertaken (MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, reg 29), or • one of the exemptions (consent,

This Practice Note looks at the types of non-domestic privately rented properties (NDPR) that are subject to the Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962, as well as the prohibition on letting NDPR properties, and the interaction of minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES) with energy performance certificate (EPC) requirements. It is part of our series of Practice Notes on MEES. Implementation of the Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 For an overview of the background to the development of MEES, see Practice Note: Minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES) in the private rented sector—snapshot. MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962 provide for the following: • tenant's energy efficiency improvements: this applies only to domestic privately rented (DPR) property and came into effect on 1 April 2016—see Practice Note: Minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES)—domestic tenants’ energy efficiency improvements • prohibition on letting substandard property: this applies to both DPR and NDPR property and prohibits letting of substandard property (ie with an EPC

This Practice Note looks at the impact on both landlords and tenants of non-domestic private rented property of the Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962 and explains the enforcement and compliance powers of the local weights and measures authority, the extent of financial and publication penalties, the service of compliance notices and the rights of the landlord for review and appeal. It is part of our series of Practice Notes on MEES. MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, reg 27 provides that a landlord must not let substandard (with an energy performance certificate (EPC) rating of ‘F’ or ‘G’) non-domestic private rented (NDPR) property unless: • 'relevant energy efficiency improvements' are undertaken (MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, reg 29), or • one of the exemptions (consent, devaluation or temporary exemptions) apply See Practice Note: Minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES)—non-domestic property—exemptions and PRS Exemptions Register , Enforcement and compliance MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, chapter 5 deals with enforcement authorities and authorised officers in the case

This Practice Note covers the impact on both landlords and tenants of non-domestic private rented (NDPR) property of the Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962, and the various exclusions and exemptions that apply in respect of NDPR property. It is part of our series of Practice Notes on minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES). MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, reg 27 (prohibition on letting substandard NDPR property) provides that a landlord must not let substandard NDPR property unless: • 'relevant energy efficiency improvements' are undertaken (MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962 reg 29), or • one of the exemptions in MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962 chapter 4 (consent, devaluation or temporary exemptions) apply An exemption must be registered on the national PRS Exemptions Register (PRS Exemptions Register) before it can be relied on. The exemptions are set out below. The PRS Exemptions Register also enables searches of registered exemptions and penalty notices, as explained further below. While energy performance certificates (EPCs) are

This Practice Note covers the impact on both landlords and tenants of non-domestic private rented (NDPR) property of the Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 (MEES Regs 2015), SI 2015/962 and discusses the interaction of MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962 with the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 (LTA 1954), issues arising for the landlord and tenant on subletting substandard NDPR property, issues for the landlord where they hold a consent exemption and the property is assigned, due diligence issues, and issues in real estate finance transactions relating to substandard property (ie with an energy performance certificate (EPC) rating of ‘F’ or ‘G’). It is part of our series of Practical Notes on minimum energy efficiency standards (MEES). MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, reg 27 provides that a landlord must not let substandard NDPR property unless: • 'relevant energy efficiency improvements' are undertaken (MEES Regs 2015, SI 2015/962, reg 29), or • one of the exemptions (consent, devaluation or temporary exemptions) applies Interaction with Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 Nothing