CASE HUB ARCHIVED—this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the decision of 8 December 2025; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline. Case facts Outline European Commission merger investigation into the proposed acquisition of Kellanova by Mars, Incorporated (M.11753). The transaction involves horizontal overlaps in the supply of food products. Latest developments On 8 December 2025, the Commission unconditionally cleared the transaction, finding that although Mars, Incorporated and Kellanova hold market power and could in principle link categories in negotiations, the evidence did not show that the merger would increase Mars, Incorporated's bargaining leverage over retailers. Consumers were unlikely to switch supermarkets due to the unavailability of the parties’ products, and no ‘basket effect’ was established. Parties • Mars, Incorporated (Mars):Mars is headquartered in the US. It is a worldwide supplier of confectionery, food products, pet food and animal care services. Its portfolio comprises, among others, chocolate countlines (eg Twix, Mars, Snickers), chocolate pouches (eg M&M's), sugar confectionery (eg Skittles), chewing gum (eg Airwaves, Extra), snack bars (eg BE-KIND), pet food (eg

Law360, London: The investment firm White Oak said it would never have invested in a financial scheme set up by now-collapsed Greensill Capital if it had not relied on misleading statements provided by the insurance broker Marsh about its cover, the firm's lawyers said at the opening of an almost US$143m trial on 6 May 2025.

Law360: A London court refused Marsh's attempt to strike out a global chemicals group's claim alleging the insurance broker negligently arranged faulty motor insurance cover.

Law360, London: Insurance broker Marsh said on 20 August 2024 that it has launched a US$50m insurance product to guard against losses caused by blockages in shipping ports following the disruption caused by the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore.

Law360: Broker Marsh said on 4 November 2024 that it has launched a new insurance facility designed to protect businesses against the risk of purchasing fraudulent carbon credit certificates.

Law360, London: Marsh Ltd has failed in its application to strike out a global chemicals group's claim that the insurance broker negligently arranged faulty motor insurance cover after a London appeals court said on 30 January 2025 that the allegations need more clarity.

Law360, London: Marsh has reached settlement in a claim of almost US$143m with investment firm White Oak, which had alleged that the insurance broker misled it when selling cover for investments in Greensill Capital, a financing firm that collapsed in 2021.

An equitable doctrine in respect of the application of assets in satisfaction of legacies.

What is marshalling? In Re Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA (No 8) (at paras [231]–[232]), Lord Hoffmann explained the doctrine of marshalling as: ‘A principle for doing equity between two or more creditors, each of whom are owed debts by the same debtor, but one of whom can enforce his claim against more than one security or fund and the other can resort to only one. It gives the latter an equity to require that the first creditor satisfy himself (or be treated as having satisfied himself) so far as possible out of the security or fund to which the latter has no claim.’ By way of example, suppose that two creditors (C1 and C2) are each owed £1m by a common debtor (D). As security for the £1m owed to C1, D has granted to C1 a charge over two assets (Blackacre and Whiteacre) which are each worth £1m. However, C2’s security for its debt consists of a charge over Whiteacre alone. If C1 recovers its debt from Blackacre, C2 will, if necessary,

Corporate Crime analysis: Martyn’s Law, formally The Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Act 2025, sets out security requirements for businesses to protect against terrorist threats, with a focus on premises hosting 200 or more people. Bianca Brasoveanu, barrister at Mountford Chambers, reviews the Statutory Guidance published by the Home Office which aims to help businesses comply with the new requirements.

Corporate Crime analysis: Martyn’s Law, formally known as the Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Act 2025 (T(PP)A 2025) requires responsible persons for qualifying premises and events to consider how they would respond to a terrorist attack. Larger premises and events have an additional duty to take appropriate steps to reduce their vulnerability to terrorist attacks. Produced in partnership with Elliott Kenton, partner at Weightmans.

The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. Symbol A.