IP analysis: The Patents Court has held that claim 11 of Liqwd’s patent, which relates to the use of maleic acid to reduce or prevent hair damage caused by hair bleaching, is valid and that L’Oreal’s hair treatment product Smartbond Step 1, which contains maleic acid, infringes that claim. An alternative formulation of Smartbond, for which L’Oreal sought a declaration of non-infringement, was also held to infringe the patent claim.