A group of overseas communications providers who cooperate to provide international directory enquiry services to their customers by allowing member communications providers to access their directory databases online. At the European level this takes place through the EIDQ Association.

Formed under a multilateral agreement, it is the organization which owns, maintains, and operates the global satellite system used by over 100 participating countries around the world. COMSAT (Communications Satellite Corporation) is the US representative to and participant in INTELSAT.

The International Energy Charter has announced that written notification of withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty has been received from the United Kingdom. Withdrawal will take effect from 27 April 2025. All investments covered by the Treaty at the time of withdrawal will continue to be protected for 20 years from the date of withdrawal.

Accounting standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

Introduction International dealings with IP continue to increase in importance as even the smallest companies can find themselves operating across jurisdictions in the digital age. Types of IP rights There are some IP rights in relation to which protection is possible in most major economies. These include copyright, patents and trade marks. The Lexology Panoramic reports deal with the scope, enforcement and potential disposal of these three IP rights in dozens of the major jurisdictions including the US, Japan and China and major South American countries. See:. • Lexology Panoramic: Copyright • Lexology Panoramic: Patents • Lexology Panoramic: Trademarks Some rights that protect particular kinds of creativity are specific to a few countries, and by no means spread internationally. Examples are the right to sue for ‘passing off’ (which is an English common law tort), the right to sue for ‘unfair competition’ (which exists in some continental European jurisdictions, for example, but is not the same as taking action for breaches of antitrust law), or industrial designs, which are protected very differently, for example by unregistered

A neutral, nonprofit standard-setting body of the Islamic Financial Services Industry (IFSI) established in 2002 in Manama, Bahrain and focusing on standardisation of Islamic financial products and documentation templates and development of best practices in the capital and money markets, corporate finance and trade finance segments.

An international organisation established by central banks, monetary authorities and multilateral organisations to aid the development and issue of Shari’ah-compliant financial instruments and facilitate effective cross-border Islamic liquidity management. Member shareholders include the central banks of Indonesia, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mauritius, Nigeria, Qatar, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the monetary agency, Islamic Corporation for the Development of the Private Sector.

An agency set up to provide independent assessments to issuers and issues that conform to principles of Islamic finance with a special focus on development of local capital markets, primarily in the region of the Organization of Islamic Countries (OIC) and to provide impetus through its ratings to ethical finance, across the globe. The IIRA was founded as an infrastructure institution for the support of Islamic finance as conceived by the Islamic Development Bank (IDB or IsDB). This puts IIRA in league with system supporting entities like AAOIFI and IFSB. The IDB remains a prominent shareholder, and maintains oversight through its nominee, as Chairman to the Board of Directors.

International Organisation of Securities Commissions The International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) emerged in 1983 from a decision by several north and south American securities regulatory agencies. Its membership became increasingly global in 1984 and UK regulators were among the first non-American members. These days IOSCO members comprise and regulate, over 130 jurisdictions, which represents more than 95% of the world's securities markets. IOSCO sets international standards for securities markets and is the main international cooperative forum for securities market regulatory agencies. In addition to its work on standards, IOSCO provides technical assistance, particularly for regulatory bodies for emerging securities markets. IOSCO has produced several key measures that are important for ensuring cross-border cooperation, reducing global systemic risk, maintaining investor protection and driving fair and efficient securities markets. These measures include: • a methodology designed to provide IOSCO’s interpretation of its ‘Objectives and principles of Securities Regulation’ (IOSCO Principles) • a multilateral memorandum of understanding (IOSCO MMoU) to facilitate cross-border enforcement and exchange of information among international securities regulators. This has become the benchmark

International Securities Identification Numbering system advocated by the Group of 30 (G30). The ISIN code is a unique 12 digit code given to a security and is used worldwide.

NOTE—appeal lodged by ISU before the General Court in Case T- 93/18 ARCHIVED–this archived case hub reflects the position at the date of the decision of 8 December 2017; it is no longer maintained. See further, timeline, commentary and related cases. Case facts Outline European Commission Article 101 TFEU investigation into the eligibility rules of the International Skating Union (ISU) under which skaters can be permanently banned from ISU competitions for taking part in non-ISU approved events (Case AT.40208). Outcome On 8 December 2017, the Commission issued an infringement decision, finding that the ISU’s rules breach Article 101 TFEU. The Commission has ordered the ISU to stop the illegal conduct, either by abolishing or modifying its eligibility rules, within 90 days and to refrain from adopting any measure that has the same of an equivalent object or effect. Parties International Skating Union (ISU). The ISU was founded in 1892 and is the only sports body to be recognised by the International Olympic Committee for administering figure skating and speed skating across the world.

The International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) is an association created by the private negotiated derivatives market that represents participating parties and helps to improve the market by identifying and reducing risks.