Law360: It has been four years since the UK first entered lockdown to combat coronavirus (COVID-19), leaving offices eerily empty, shops shuttered and lawyers discussing how to argue business interruption claims.

A meeting between both parties and their collaborative lawyers.

The Colombian Very Young Arbitration Practitioners (COLVYAP), in collaboration with the Universidad de los Andes Law Faculty, will host the fourth Colombia Arbitration Week (CAW) on 22–23 September 2025. The in-person event will feature panels with experts from both the Colombian and international arbitration communities, discussing current challenges and future prospects for arbitration in Colombia and across Latin America.

The Commission has published a package of proposals, comprising a Directive and Regulation, primarily designed to extend support measures already available to SMEs in certain fields to a new category of company: ‘small mid-caps’ (SMCs). Under the proposals, companies with less than 750 employees and a turnover of less than or equal to €150m (which would currently meet the threshold for a ‘large’ company) will fall into the new SMC category.

Shale gas extraction or hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is the process where water and chemicals are pumped into shale rock at high pressure to release the natural gas that is trapped in the shale rock.

What is fracking? Shale gas extraction or hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is the process whereby water and chemicals are pumped into shale rock at high pressure to release the natural gas that is trapped in the shale rock. Vertical well bores are drilled thousands of feet into the earth, through sediment layers, the water table, and shale rock formations in order to reach the gas. The drilling is then angled horizontally, where a cement casing is installed and serves as a conduit for the massive volume of water, fracking fluid, chemicals and sand needed to fracture the rock and shale. Occasionally, prior to the injection of fluids, small explosives are used to open up the bedrock. The fractures allow the gas to be removed from the rock formations. Shale gas is mostly composed of methane, which is a natural gas and is used to generate electricity and is used for domestic heating and cooking. Fracking is classed as an 'unconventional' fossil fuel because additional methods are used (the fracturing of the shales to enable the gas to flow), alongside drilling,

The UK government has, historically, been supportive of fracking. However following a number of successive seismic events at the country's only active fracking site operated by Cuadrilla in Lancashire, a scientific report by the North Sea Transition Authority (NSTA) (formerly known as the Oil and Gas Authority) concluded that it was not possible to accurately predict the probability of seismic activity associated with fracking. On the back of this report the UK government changed its position and on 4 November 2019 the UK government published a written statement stating that: 'On the basis of the current scientific evidence, government is confirming…that it will take a presumption against issuing any further hydraulic fracturing consents. This position, an effective moratorium, will be maintained until compelling new evidence is provided which addresses the concerns around the prediction and management of induced seismicity.' At the same time it confirmed that it would not be taking forward proposed planning reforms for shale gas developments that had been consulted on in 2018 (see: LNB News 04/11/2019 51). In September 2022, Liz

How does the fracking process work? Shale gas extraction or hydraulic fracturing ('fracking') is the process whereby water and chemicals are pumped into shale rock at high pressure to release the natural gas (comprising mostly methane) that is trapped in the shale rock. Vertical well bores are drilled thousands of feet into the earth, through sediment layers, the water table, and shale rock formations in order to reach the gas. The drilling is then angled horizontally, where a cement casing is installed and serves as a conduit for the massive volume of water, fracking fluid, chemicals and sand needed to fracture the rock and shale. The fractures allow the gas to be removed from the rock formations. Fracking is usually undertake at a significant depth (1.7km to 3.1km), affecting a large horizontal area as the geological sequence is utilized. UK’s position on fracking The UK government has, historically, been supportive of fracking. However following a number of successive seismic events at the only active fracking site operated by Cuadrilla in Lancashire, a scientific report by the North Sea Transition

What is fracking? Shale gas extraction or hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is the process where water and chemicals are pumped into shale rock at high pressure to release the natural gas that is trapped in the shale rock. Vertical well bores are drilled thousands of feet into the earth, through sediment layers, the water table, and shale rock formations in order to reach the gas. The drilling is then angled horizontally, where a cement casing is installed and serves as a conduit for the massive volume of water, fracking fluid, chemicals and sand needed to fracture the rock and shale. Occasionally, prior to the injection of fluids, small explosives are used to open up the bedrock. The fractures allow the gas to be removed from the rock formations. Shale gas is mostly composed of methane, which is a natural gas and is used to generate electricity and is used for domestic heating and cooking. Fracking is classed as an 'unconventional' fossil fuel because additional methods are used (the fracturing of the shales to enable the gas to flow), alongside drilling,

The carrying on of the business of a company with the defraud'>intent to defraud creditors of the company or creditors of any other person, or for any fraudulent effect, as set out under the IA 1986, s 213.

A packet switched data service (see packet service) providing for the interconnection of Local Area Networks (LANs) and access to host computers at higher speeds (up to 2 Mbit/s) than those provided by an X.25 service.

Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services, as amended by Directive 2009/140/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.