513. General exception in respect of other causes.

In addition to the specific exceptions1, there is a general exception by which neither the carrier2 nor the ship3 is responsible for loss or damage arising or resulting from any other cause without the actual fault or privity of the carrier, or without the fault or neglect of his agents or servants4. The burden of proof is, however, on the person claiming the benefit of this exception to show that neither the actual fault or privity of the carrier, nor the fault or neglect of his agents or servants, contributed to the loss or damage5.

In the above provision, it