Public procurement refers to the process by which public authorities, such as government departments or local authorities, purchase works (such as construction), goods or services from private companies. Every year, over 250,000 public authorities in the EU spend around 14% of GDP (around €2 trillion per year) on the purchase of services, works and supplies. The EU public procurement Directives At EU level, several institutions are involved in public procurement legislation and enforcement. The European Commission is responsible for drawing up legislative proposals, implementing the decisions of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, and enforcing the public procurement Directives. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) reviews whether Member States fulfil their obligations under the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and EU law. The Council of the EU and the European Parliament are jointly responsible for