This Practice Note explains what human trafficking is and the elements of the offence of human trafficking (including sexual and non-sexual exploitation) and the offence of slavery, servitude and forced or compulsory labour contained in the Modern Slavery Act 2015 (MSA 2015). It includes information on how human trafficking/modern slavery may be charged and the maximum sentences that may be imposed following conviction as well as the applicability of the Sentencing Council’s General guideline: overarching principles (the General guideline). It also covers slavery and trafficking reparation orders, slavery and trafficking prevention orders (STPOs) and slavery and trafficking risk orders (STROs) which can be imposed by the courts.