Liability ― water and sewage

Copyright © 2026 LexisNexis
Produced by a Tolley Value Added Tax expert
Value Added Tax
Guidance

Liability ― water and sewage

Copyright © 2026 LexisNexis
Produced by a Tolley Value Added Tax expert
Value Added Tax
Guidance
imgtext

This guidance note looks at the liability of supplies connected with water and sewage.

For an overview of VAT liability more broadly, see the Liability ― overview guidance note.

In-depth commentary on the legislation related to supplies of water and sewerage services is contained in De Voil Indirect Tax Service V4.271.

Water, sewage and connected services ― the basics

Liability of supplies of water

When considering the liability of supplies of water it is helpful to make a distinction between:

  1. •

    water supplied for industrial activities

  2. •

    water supplied for non-industrial activities

Water for industrial activities

Water which is supplied for what the VAT legislation calls a ‘relevant industrial activity’ will be standard-rated. The supplier is responsible for determining who is using the water and the correct VAT treatment of the supply made.

A relevant industrial activity is one of the activities described in Divisions 1–5 of the 1980 edition of the Standard Industrial Classification. The five divisions are:

  1. •

    energy and water supply industries

  2. •

    extraction of minerals and ores other than fuels;

Continue reading the full document
To gain access to additional expert tax guidance, workflow tools, generative tax AI, and tax research, register for a free trial of Tolley+™
TAKE A FREE TRIAL NOW
Powered by Tolley+™
  • 29 Jul 2025 10:00

Home/ Tolley Tax Guidance/ Value Added Tax / Determining VAT liability

Popular Articles

Corporation Tax

Double tax relief

Double tax reliefWhen income arises in a foreign country to a UK resident company and that income is taxable in that foreign country, the UK may give the company relief for the foreign tax by crediting the foreign tax against the UK tax charged on that income. This might include withholding tax on

14 Jul 2020 11:31 | Produced by Tolley Read more Read more
Personal Tax

Enterprise management incentive schemes

Enterprise management incentive schemesWhat is an enterprise management incentive (EMI) scheme?The enterprise management incentive (EMI) scheme is a tax-advantaged share option employee incentive scheme aimed at small entrepreneurial companies that meet certain conditions. It is designed to assist

14 Jul 2020 11:36 | Produced by Tolley Read more Read more
tag-icon Autumn Budget 2025
Personal Tax

Interest and penalties on late paid tax under self assessment

Interest and penalties on late paid tax under self assessmentInterestIf the capital gains tax, the balancing payment or payments on account of tax and / or Class 4 national insurance contributions (NIC) are paid late, HMRC will charge interest on the amount overdue from the original due date. The

14 Jul 2020 12:00 | Produced by Tolley Read more Read more