Dr Ben Christman

Ben Christman is an independent researcher. He has a PhD in law from Queen's University Belfast on the law on fuel poverty from an energy justice perspective (2017). He is an editor of the UK Environmental Law Association's 'elaw' member's newsletter. He is a tutor in EU and public law at the University of Edinburgh. He has recently finished a research project for the Scottish Environment Link, aimed at setting up a Scottish environmental rights centre. He is interested in access to justice. He is a member of the Scottish Environment Link's Legal Governance subgroup and the Law Society of Scotland's access to justice committee. He has worked and volunteered for a number of access to justice-type organisations such as the Ethnic Minorities Law Centre, the Legal Services Agency and the Law Centre Northern Ireland. He currently works part-time for the Lothian Centre for Inclusive Living, an Edinburgh-based disability charity.

Contributed to

2

Energy Company Obligation (ECO)—key features of ECO4

Practice Notes

This Practice Note provides details on the key features of the Energy Company Obligation (ECO) obligation period 4 (ECO4). It provides details on what ECO is and the legislation underpinning ECO4, the Electricity and Gas (Energy Company Obligation) Order 2022, SI 2022/875. It also focuses on who has obligations under ECO4, what the relevant thresholds are and how the Home Heating Cost Reduction Obligation (HHCRO) works. There is also information on transfers of qualifying actions and obligations, ECO brokerage, surplus action, Ofgem’s role, monitoring and compliance, as well as coverage of recent developments, including the launch of the Great British Insulation Scheme.

Environment

Energy Company Obligation (ECO)—key features of ECO4A

Practice Notes

This Practice Note provides details on the key features of the ECO obligation period 4a (ECO4A). It provides details on what ECO is and the legislation underpinning ECO4A, the Electricity and Gas (Energy Company Obligation) Order 2023, SI 2023/873. It also focuses on who has obligations under ECO4A, what the relevant thresholds are and how the HHCRO works. There is also information on transfers of qualifying actions and obligations, surplus action, Ofgem’s role, monitoring and compliance, as well as coverage of recent developments.

Environment

Practice Area

Environment

Panel

Contributing Author

Membership

UK Environmental Law Association
Law Society of Scotland, Justice

Education

2010 - Law LLB (First Class Honours), University of Aberdeen.
2012 - LLM in Environmental Law and Policy (Distinction), University College London
2017 - PhD in Law, on fuel poverty, energy justice and law in the UK, Queen's University Belfast.
2017 - Diploma in Professional Legal Practice, University of Edinburgh

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