This Practice Note examines the interaction between artificial intelligence (AI), research and development (R&D) and patent law. It considers the issues arising from the use of AI tools in R&D, including patent ownership where AI tools are used in the development of an invention. It also looks at patent protection for AI systems and their training data and algorithms, the use of AI to draft patent applications, and the use of AI by Intellectual Property Offices (IPOs). Why use AI to assist with the inventive process?AI can be used throughout the inventive process to analyse large volumes of technical information, identify patterns, automate repetitive tasks and generate data-driven solutions. It therefore has the potential to accelerate innovation, reduce development costs and improve the quality of inventions.AI is already being used to improve the efficiency of drug development and reduce associated costs and timescales. For example, it can facilitate the faster identification of therapeutic targets, while AI-based screening platforms can analyse large and diverse datasets to predict and profile the properties of potential