Certain public authorities are under a duty to secure continuous improvement in the way in which their functions are exercised, having regard to a combination of economy, efficiency and effectiveness. This duty includes the duty to consult, and the duty to have regard to guidance issued by the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government. This Practice Note explains how the duty is relevant to an authority, and specifically who it applies to. It then discusses the three key elements of the best value duty, highlighting what is required under each one. The note concludes with enforcement methods and the implications on outsourcing.