IntroductionEnvironmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations have moved from the margins of corporate strategy to the centre of legal and regulatory risk. In Ireland, businesses are under increasing pressure to demonstrate credible sustainability credentials to consumers, investors and regulators. At the same time, claims relating to climate neutrality, carbon reduction, recyclability and broader environmental impact are subjected to rigorous scrutiny.Against this backdrop, allegations of ‘greenwashing’, meaning the making of misleading, exaggerated or unsubstantiated environmental claims, are emerging as a material litigation risk. What was once primarily a reputational concern is rapidly evolving into a legal exposure with potential civil, regulatory and, in some cases, criminal consequences. The risk is not confined to consumer-facing sectors. Financial services, asset management, aviation, energy, food and drink, construction and real estate are all within scope, particularly where sustainability claims intersect with disclosure obligations or regulated communications.Ireland presents a distinctive risk profile. While reported judgments remain limited, the legal tools to conduct greenwashing litigation are already in place and there is an expanding body of domestic and EU sustainability