This Practice Note sets out and examines certain pre-action conduct requirements and recommendations, and is directed at parties entering into, or intending to enter into civil litigation in the Irish Superior Courts. It considers pre-action obligations in respect of mediation and Calderbank offers. It also considers pre-action conduct in personal injuries claims, defamation actions, matters to be heard by the Workplace Relations Commission, actions in respect of deceased estates, debt recovery actions, commercial disputes, landlord and tenant claims and judicial review. It looks at the procedure in relation to pre-action discovery and inspection and the principles in relation to pre-action delay. It also considers future development in relation to pre-action conduct in Irish civil litigation.