314. Restraints of princes and rulers.

The exception of loss or damage by restraints of princes and rulers1 includes every case in which the voyage is interrupted by the agents of a government2 other than those carrying out the decisions of a judicial tribunal3. It applies, therefore, to seizure of the ship or cargo or of both by the government either of the United Kingdom or of a foreign country for state purposes4. Mere apprehension of interference by a government is not enough; it is not, however, necessary to prove an actual seizure5, There must be a restraint in existence, that is, a prohibition or