565. Persons liable to general average contribution.

All persons whose interest in the adventure is benefited by a general average sacrifice or by a general average expenditure are liable to make a general average contribution1. These persons are:

  1.  

    (1)     the shipowner2, who is liable in respect of the ship and also in respect of the freight3;

  2.  

    (2)     the charterer, if any, who is liable in respect of his interest in the bill of lading freight4 (in this case the shipowner's liability as regards the freight is restricted to the chartered freight5 and, if the charterparty is by demise, the charterer is also liable in respect of